tvarka
See also: tvarką
Lithuanian
editEtymology
editOf disputed origin:
- Otrębski (1967) derives the word from a k-extension of Proto-Indo-European *twerH- (“to enclose, grab”), comparing to tvìrtas (“firm, tough”).[1]
- Bammesberger (1994) derives the word from Proto-Indo-European *twerḱ- (“to cut off, carve”); however, the presence of a k rather than a š in the Lithuanian form is unexpected.[1]
- Smoczynski (2007) considers the word's root, tvark-, as an o-grade formation from tvir̃kti (“to live in an undisciplined and idle manner”), which he considers of unknown origin, thus implicitly rejecting the above hypotheses.[2]
Pronunciation
editNoun
edittvarkà f (plural tvar̃kos) stress pattern 4
Declension
editDeclension of tvarkà
singular (vienaskaita) | plural (daugiskaita) | |
---|---|---|
nominative (vardininkas) | tvarkà | tvar̃kos |
genitive (kilmininkas) | tvarkõs | tvarkų̃ |
dative (naudininkas) | tvar̃kai | tvarkóms |
accusative (galininkas) | tvar̃ką | tvarkàs |
instrumental (įnagininkas) | tvarkà | tvarkomìs |
locative (vietininkas) | tvarkojè | tvarkosè |
vocative (šauksmininkas) | tvar̃ka | tvar̃kos |