venenum

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *weneznom (“lust, desire”), from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to strive, wish, love”). See also Sanskrit वनति (vanati, “gain, wish, erotic lust”), Latin Venus, veneror, venia, vēnor and English wish.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /u̯eˈneː.num/, [u̯ɛˈneːnʊ̃ˑ]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /veˈne.num/, [vɛˈnɛːnum]

Noun

venēnum n (genitive venēnī); second declension

1. a potion, juice
2. poison, venom

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	venēnum	venēna
Genitive	venēnī	venēnōrum
Dative	venēnō	venēnīs
Accusative	venēnum	venēna
Ablative	venēnō	venēnīs
Vocative	venēnum	venēna

Synonyms

• (poison): toxicum (toxicon)

Derived terms

• venēnō

Descendants

Descendants

• Albanian: vrer, vrerë
• Aromanian: virin
• Asturian: venenu, benin
• Catalan: verí
• Dutch: venijn
• Old French: venim, venin
  • French: venin
  • → Middle English: venym
    • English: venom
• Friulian: velen
• Galician: veleno
• Istriot: vanen
• Italian: veleno
• Occitan: veren, verin
• Old Spanish: venino
• Portuguese: veneno
• Romanian: venin
• Sardinian: belenu, benenu, velenu, ferenu, felenu
• Sicilian: vilenu
• Spanish: veneno
• Venetian: vełen, velen, verin
• → Proto-Brythonic: *gwenuɨn
  • Old Cornish: guenoin(reiat)
  • Middle Welsh: gwenwyn
    • Welsh: gwenwyn

References

• venenum in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• venenum in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• venenum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to give a person poison in bread: dare venenum in pane
    
  • to take poison: venenum sumere, bibere
    
  • (ambiguous) to poison oneself: veneno sibi mortem consciscere