venia

See also: venía, vénia, vènia, and vênia

Catalan

Verb

venia

1. first/third-person singular imperfect indicative of venir
2. first/third-person singular imperfect indicative of vendre

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *wenjā, from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to wish, love”). See also Latin Venus, veneror and English wish.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈu̯e.ni.a/, [ˈu̯ɛniä]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈve.ni.a/, [ˈvɛːniä]

Noun

venia f (genitive veniae); first declension

1. indulgence, kindness (i.e., lenient treatment)

   Synonyms: indulgentia, pietās, beneficium, cōmitās, benignitās, benevolentia

2. mercy, grace, favour
   • 165 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Hecyra :

     Mi gnate, da veniam hanc mihi.

     My son, do me this favor.

3. pardon

   Synonyms: oblīviō, amnēstia, remissiō

   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 2.830:

     ‘quam’ dīxit ‘veniam vōs datis, ipsa negō.’

     ‘‘That pardon you give,’’ she said, ‘‘I myself refuse.’’
     (Virtuously steadfast, tragically fated to symbolize the foundational values of the Roman Republic, Lucretia responds to the absolutions of her father and her husband the morning after she was raped by a tyrant king's son.)

4. forgiveness
5. permission

   Synonyms: permissiō, concessiō, concessus

   • c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico VII.15:

     Datur petentibus venia

     the permission being granted to them who begging

Declension

First-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	venia	veniae
Genitive	veniae	veniārum
Dative	veniae	veniīs
Accusative	veniam	veniās
Ablative	veniā	veniīs
Vocative	venia	veniae

Descendants

• Catalan: vènia
• English: venial
• Galician: venia
• Italian: venia
• Portuguese: vénia, vênia
• → Romanian: venie
• Spanish: venia

References

• “venia”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “venia”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• venia in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• venia in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • allow me to say: bona (cum) venia tua dixerim
    
  • (ambiguous) to pardon some one: alicui veniam dare (alicuius rei)
    
  • (ambiguous) to pardon a person: veniam dare alicui
    

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin venia, whence English venial.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbenja/ [ˈbe.nja]
• Rhymes: -enja
• Syllabification: ve‧nia

Noun

venia f (plural venias)

1. forgiveness
2. consent, permission, approval
3. (Latin America, military) salute

Further reading

• “venia”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014