Wiktionary

xhuma

Xhosa

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

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-xhuma

  1. to leap

Inflection

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This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

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Pronunciation

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IPA(key): /ǁʰuːma/

Verb

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-xhuma

  1. (intransitive) to jump, to leap
  2. (transitive) to connect, to join, to link, to splice

Inflection

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Tone L
Infinitive ukuxhuma
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukuxhuma ukungaxhumi
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular xhuma -xhume
Plural xhumani -xhumeni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyaxhuma, ngixhuma engixhumayo, engixhuma ngixhuma angixhumi engingaxhumi ngingaxhumi
2nd singular uyaxhuma, uxhuma oxhumayo, oxhuma uxhuma awuxhumi ongaxhumi ungaxhumi
1st plural siyaxhuma, sixhuma esixhumayo, esixhuma sixhuma asixhumi esingaxhumi singaxhumi
2nd plural niyaxhuma, nixhuma enixhumayo, enixhuma nixhuma anixhumi eningaxhumi ningaxhumi
Class 1 uyaxhuma, uxhuma oxhumayo, oxhuma exhuma akaxhumi ongaxhumi engaxhumi
Class 2 bayaxhuma, baxhuma abaxhumayo, abaxhuma bexhuma abaxhumi abangaxhumi bengaxhumi
Class 3 uyaxhuma, uxhuma oxhumayo, oxhuma uxhuma awuxhumi ongaxhumi ungaxhumi
Class 4 iyaxhuma, ixhuma exhumayo, exhuma ixhuma ayixhumi engaxhumi ingaxhumi
Class 5 liyaxhuma, lixhuma elixhumayo, elixhuma lixhuma alixhumi elingaxhumi lingaxhumi
Class 6 ayaxhuma, axhuma axhumayo, axhuma exhuma awaxhumi angaxhumi engaxhumi
Class 7 siyaxhuma, sixhuma esixhumayo, esixhuma sixhuma asixhumi esingaxhumi singaxhumi
Class 8 ziyaxhuma, zixhuma ezixhumayo, ezixhuma zixhuma azixhumi ezingaxhumi zingaxhumi
Class 9 iyaxhuma, ixhuma exhumayo, exhuma ixhuma ayixhumi engaxhumi ingaxhumi
Class 10 ziyaxhuma, zixhuma ezixhumayo, ezixhuma zixhuma azixhumi ezingaxhumi zingaxhumi
Class 11 luyaxhuma, luxhuma oluxhumayo, oluxhuma luxhuma aluxhumi olungaxhumi lungaxhumi
Class 14 buyaxhuma, buxhuma obuxhumayo, obuxhuma buxhuma abuxhumi obungaxhumi bungaxhumi
Class 15 kuyaxhuma, kuxhuma okuxhumayo, okuxhuma kuxhuma akuxhumi okungaxhumi kungaxhumi
Class 17 kuyaxhuma, kuxhuma okuxhumayo, okuxhuma kuxhuma akuxhumi okungaxhumi kungaxhumi
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngixhumile, ngixhumē engixhumile, engixhumē ngixhumile, ngixhumē angixhumanga engingaxhumanga ngingaxhumanga
2nd singular uxhumile, uxhumē oxhumile, oxhumē uxhumile, uxhumē awuxhumanga ongaxhumanga ungaxhumanga
1st plural sixhumile, sixhumē esixhumile, esixhumē sixhumile, sixhumē asixhumanga esingaxhumanga singaxhumanga
2nd plural nixhumile, nixhumē enixhumile, enixhumē nixhumile, nixhumē anixhumanga eningaxhumanga ningaxhumanga
Class 1 uxhumile, uxhumē oxhumile, oxhumē exhumile, exhumē akaxhumanga ongaxhumanga engaxhumanga
Class 2 baxhumile, baxhumē abaxhumile, abaxhumē bexhumile, bexhumē abaxhumanga abangaxhumanga bengaxhumanga
Class 3 uxhumile, uxhumē oxhumile, oxhumē uxhumile, uxhumē awuxhumanga ongaxhumanga ungaxhumanga
Class 4 ixhumile, ixhumē exhumile, exhumē ixhumile, ixhumē ayixhumanga engaxhumanga ingaxhumanga
Class 5 lixhumile, lixhumē elixhumile, elixhumē lixhumile, lixhumē alixhumanga elingaxhumanga lingaxhumanga
Class 6 axhumile, axhumē axhumile, axhumē exhumile, exhumē awaxhumanga angaxhumanga engaxhumanga
Class 7 sixhumile, sixhumē esixhumile, esixhumē sixhumile, sixhumē asixhumanga esingaxhumanga singaxhumanga
Class 8 zixhumile, zixhumē ezixhumile, ezixhumē zixhumile, zixhumē azixhumanga ezingaxhumanga zingaxhumanga
Class 9 ixhumile, ixhumē exhumile, exhumē ixhumile, ixhumē ayixhumanga engaxhumanga ingaxhumanga
Class 10 zixhumile, zixhumē ezixhumile, ezixhumē zixhumile, zixhumē azixhumanga ezingaxhumanga zingaxhumanga
Class 11 luxhumile, luxhumē oluxhumile, oluxhumē luxhumile, luxhumē aluxhumanga olungaxhumanga lungaxhumanga
Class 14 buxhumile, buxhumē obuxhumile, obuxhumē buxhumile, buxhumē abuxhumanga obungaxhumanga bungaxhumanga
Class 15 kuxhumile, kuxhumē okuxhumile, okuxhumē kuxhumile, kuxhumē akuxhumanga okungaxhumanga kungaxhumanga
Class 17 kuxhumile, kuxhumē okuxhumile, okuxhumē kuxhumile, kuxhumē akuxhumanga okungaxhumanga kungaxhumanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngāxhuma engāxhuma ngāxhuma angixhumanga engingaxhumanga ngingaxhumanga
2nd singular wāxhuma owāxhuma wāxhuma awuxhumanga ongaxhumanga ungaxhumanga
1st plural sāxhuma esāxhuma sāxhuma asixhumanga esingaxhumanga singaxhumanga
2nd plural nāxhuma enāxhuma nāxhuma anixhumanga eningaxhumanga ningaxhumanga
Class 1 wāxhuma owāxhuma āxhuma akaxhumanga ongaxhumanga engaxhumanga
Class 2 bāxhuma abāxhuma bāxhuma abaxhumanga abangaxhumanga bengaxhumanga
Class 3 wāxhuma owāxhuma wāxhuma awuxhumanga ongaxhumanga ungaxhumanga
Class 4 yāxhuma eyāxhuma yāxhuma ayixhumanga engaxhumanga ingaxhumanga
Class 5 lāxhuma elāxhuma lāxhuma alixhumanga elingaxhumanga lingaxhumanga
Class 6 āxhuma āxhuma āxhuma awaxhumanga angaxhumanga engaxhumanga
Class 7 sāxhuma esāxhuma sāxhuma asixhumanga esingaxhumanga singaxhumanga
Class 8 zāxhuma ezāxhuma zāxhuma azixhumanga ezingaxhumanga zingaxhumanga
Class 9 yāxhuma eyāxhuma yāxhuma ayixhumanga engaxhumanga ingaxhumanga
Class 10 zāxhuma ezāxhuma zāxhuma azixhumanga ezingaxhumanga zingaxhumanga
Class 11 lwāxhuma olwāxhuma lwāxhuma aluxhumanga olungaxhumanga lungaxhumanga
Class 14 bāxhuma obāxhuma bāxhuma abuxhumanga obungaxhumanga bungaxhumanga
Class 15 kwāxhuma okwāxhuma kwāxhuma akuxhumanga okungaxhumanga kungaxhumanga
Class 17 kwāxhuma okwāxhuma kwāxhuma akuxhumanga okungaxhumanga kungaxhumanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingaxhuma — ngingaxhuma ngingexhume — ngingexhume
2nd singular ungaxhuma — ungaxhuma ungexhume — ungexhume
1st plural singaxhuma — singaxhuma singexhume — singexhume
2nd plural ningaxhuma — ningaxhuma ningexhume — ningexhume
Class 1 angaxhuma — engaxhuma angexhume — engexhume
Class 2 bangaxhuma — bengaxhuma bangexhume — bengexhume
Class 3 ungaxhuma — ungaxhuma ungexhume — ungexhume
Class 4 ingaxhuma — ingaxhuma ingexhume — ingexhume
Class 5 lingaxhuma — lingaxhuma lingexhume — lingexhume
Class 6 angaxhuma — engaxhuma angexhume — engexhume
Class 7 singaxhuma — singaxhuma singexhume — singexhume
Class 8 zingaxhuma — zingaxhuma zingexhume — zingexhume
Class 9 ingaxhuma — ingaxhuma ingexhume — ingexhume
Class 10 zingaxhuma — zingaxhuma zingexhume — zingexhume
Class 11 lungaxhuma — lungaxhuma lungexhume — lungexhume
Class 14 bungaxhuma — bungaxhuma bungexhume — bungexhume
Class 15 kungaxhuma — kungaxhuma kungexhume — kungexhume
Class 17 kungaxhuma — kungaxhuma kungexhume — kungexhume
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizoxhuma engizoxhuma ngizoxhuma angizuxhuma engingezuxhuma ngingezuxhuma
2nd singular uzoxhuma ozoxhuma uzoxhuma awuzuxhuma ongezuxhuma ungezuxhuma
1st plural sizoxhuma esizoxhuma sizoxhuma asizuxhuma esingezuxhuma singezuxhuma
2nd plural nizoxhuma enizoxhuma nizoxhuma anizuxhuma eningezuxhuma ningezuxhuma
Class 1 uzoxhuma ozoxhuma ezoxhuma akazuxhuma ongezuxhuma engezuxhuma
Class 2 bazoxhuma abazoxhuma bezoxhuma abazuxhuma abangezuxhuma bengezuxhuma
Class 3 uzoxhuma ozoxhuma uzoxhuma awuzuxhuma ongezuxhuma ungezuxhuma
Class 4 izoxhuma ezoxhuma izoxhuma ayizuxhuma engezuxhuma ingezuxhuma
Class 5 lizoxhuma elizoxhuma lizoxhuma alizuxhuma elingezuxhuma lingezuxhuma
Class 6 azoxhuma azoxhuma ezoxhuma awazuxhuma angezuxhuma engezuxhuma
Class 7 sizoxhuma esizoxhuma sizoxhuma asizuxhuma esingezuxhuma singezuxhuma
Class 8 zizoxhuma ezizoxhuma zizoxhuma azizuxhuma ezingezuxhuma zingezuxhuma
Class 9 izoxhuma ezoxhuma izoxhuma ayizuxhuma engezuxhuma ingezuxhuma
Class 10 zizoxhuma ezizoxhuma zizoxhuma azizuxhuma ezingezuxhuma zingezuxhuma
Class 11 luzoxhuma oluzoxhuma luzoxhuma aluzuxhuma olungezuxhuma lungezuxhuma
Class 14 buzoxhuma obuzoxhuma buzoxhuma abuzuxhuma obungezuxhuma bungezuxhuma
Class 15 kuzoxhuma okuzoxhuma kuzoxhuma akuzuxhuma okungezuxhuma kungezuxhuma
Class 17 kuzoxhuma okuzoxhuma kuzoxhuma akuzuxhuma okungezuxhuma kungezuxhuma
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyoxhuma engiyoxhuma ngiyoxhuma angiyuxhuma engingeyuxhuma ngingeyuxhuma
2nd singular uyoxhuma oyoxhuma uyoxhuma awuyuxhuma ongeyuxhuma ungeyuxhuma
1st plural siyoxhuma esiyoxhuma siyoxhuma asiyuxhuma esingeyuxhuma singeyuxhuma
2nd plural niyoxhuma eniyoxhuma niyoxhuma aniyuxhuma eningeyuxhuma ningeyuxhuma
Class 1 uyoxhuma oyoxhuma eyoxhuma akayuxhuma ongeyuxhuma engeyuxhuma
Class 2 bayoxhuma abayoxhuma beyoxhuma abayuxhuma abangeyuxhuma bengeyuxhuma
Class 3 uyoxhuma oyoxhuma uyoxhuma awuyuxhuma ongeyuxhuma ungeyuxhuma
Class 4 iyoxhuma eyoxhuma iyoxhuma ayiyuxhuma engeyuxhuma ingeyuxhuma
Class 5 liyoxhuma eliyoxhuma liyoxhuma aliyuxhuma elingeyuxhuma lingeyuxhuma
Class 6 ayoxhuma ayoxhuma eyoxhuma awayuxhuma angeyuxhuma engeyuxhuma
Class 7 siyoxhuma esiyoxhuma siyoxhuma asiyuxhuma esingeyuxhuma singeyuxhuma
Class 8 ziyoxhuma eziyoxhuma ziyoxhuma aziyuxhuma ezingeyuxhuma zingeyuxhuma
Class 9 iyoxhuma eyoxhuma iyoxhuma ayiyuxhuma engeyuxhuma ingeyuxhuma
Class 10 ziyoxhuma eziyoxhuma ziyoxhuma aziyuxhuma ezingeyuxhuma zingeyuxhuma
Class 11 luyoxhuma oluyoxhuma luyoxhuma aluyuxhuma olungeyuxhuma lungeyuxhuma
Class 14 buyoxhuma obuyoxhuma buyoxhuma abuyuxhuma obungeyuxhuma bungeyuxhuma
Class 15 kuyoxhuma okuyoxhuma kuyoxhuma akuyuxhuma okungeyuxhuma kungeyuxhuma
Class 17 kuyoxhuma okuyoxhuma kuyoxhuma akuyuxhuma okungeyuxhuma kungeyuxhuma
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngixhume ngingaxhumi
2nd singular uxhume ungaxhumi
1st plural sixhume singaxhumi
2nd plural nixhume ningaxhumi
Class 1 axhume angaxhumi
Class 2 baxhume bangaxhumi
Class 3 uxhume ungaxhumi
Class 4 ixhume ingaxhumi
Class 5 lixhume lingaxhumi
Class 6 axhume angaxhumi
Class 7 sixhume singaxhumi
Class 8 zixhume zingaxhumi
Class 9 ixhume ingaxhumi
Class 10 zixhume zingaxhumi
Class 11 luxhume lungaxhumi
Class 14 buxhume bungaxhumi
Class 15 kuxhume kungaxhumi
Class 17 kuxhume kungaxhumi
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngaxhuma ngangaxhuma, angaxhuma, angangaxhuma
2nd singular waxhuma wangaxhuma, awaxhuma, awangaxhuma
1st plural saxhuma sangaxhuma, asaxhuma, asangaxhuma
2nd plural naxhuma nangaxhuma, anaxhuma, anangaxhuma
Class 1 waxhuma wangaxhuma, akaxhuma, akangaxhuma
Class 2 baxhuma bangaxhuma, abaxhuma, abangaxhuma
Class 3 waxhuma wangaxhuma, awaxhuma, awangaxhuma
Class 4 yaxhuma yangaxhuma, ayaxhuma, ayangaxhuma
Class 5 laxhuma langaxhuma, alaxhuma, alangaxhuma
Class 6 axhuma angaxhuma, awaxhuma, awangaxhuma
Class 7 saxhuma sangaxhuma, asaxhuma, asangaxhuma
Class 8 zaxhuma zangaxhuma, azaxhuma, azangaxhuma
Class 9 yaxhuma yangaxhuma, ayaxhuma, ayangaxhuma
Class 10 zaxhuma zangaxhuma, azaxhuma, azangaxhuma
Class 11 lwaxhuma lwangaxhuma, alwaxhuma, alwangaxhuma
Class 14 baxhuma bangaxhuma, abaxhuma, abangaxhuma
Class 15 kwaxhuma kwangaxhuma, akwaxhuma, akwangaxhuma
Class 17 kwaxhuma kwangaxhuma, akwaxhuma, akwangaxhuma

References

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