مرد
Arabic edit
Etymology 1 edit
Root |
---|
م ر د (m-r-d) |
Verb edit
مَرَدَ • (marada) I, non-past يَمْرُدُ (yamrudu)
- to be bold
- to be rebellious
- to be constant with something (with على)
- to suckle
Conjugation edit
verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر |
marāda or murūda | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
mārid | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
mamrūd | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | maradtu |
maradta |
مَرَدَ marada |
maradtumā |
maradā |
maradnā |
maradtum |
maradū | |||
f | maradti |
maradat |
maradatā |
maradtunna |
maradna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔamrudu |
tamrudu |
yamrudu |
tamrudāni |
yamrudāni |
namrudu |
tamrudūna |
yamrudūna | |||
f | tamrudīna |
tamrudu |
tamrudāni |
tamrudna |
yamrudna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔamruda |
tamruda |
yamruda |
tamrudā |
yamrudā |
namruda |
tamrudū |
yamrudū | |||
f | tamrudī |
tamruda |
tamrudā |
tamrudna |
yamrudna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔamrud |
tamrud |
yamrud |
tamrudā |
yamrudā |
namrud |
tamrudū |
yamrudū | |||
f | tamrudī |
tamrud |
tamrudā |
tamrudna |
yamrudna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | umrud |
umrudā |
umrudū |
||||||||
f | umrudī |
umrudna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | muridtu |
muridta |
مُرِدَ murida |
muridtumā |
muridā |
muridnā |
muridtum |
muridū | |||
f | muridti |
muridat |
muridatā |
muridtunna |
muridna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔumradu |
tumradu |
yumradu |
tumradāni |
yumradāni |
numradu |
tumradūna |
yumradūna | |||
f | tumradīna |
tumradu |
tumradāni |
tumradna |
yumradna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔumrada |
tumrada |
yumrada |
tumradā |
yumradā |
numrada |
tumradū |
yumradū | |||
f | tumradī |
tumrada |
tumradā |
tumradna |
yumradna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔumrad |
tumrad |
yumrad |
tumradā |
yumradā |
numrad |
tumradū |
yumradū | |||
f | tumradī |
tumrad |
tumradā |
tumradna |
yumradna |
Related terms edit
- مِرِّيد (mirrīd, “a rebel or bold person”)
- مُرُود (murūd, “mutiny, rebellion”)
- مَارِد (mārid, “mutinous, rebel”)
Etymology 2 edit
Form-II causative of مَرَدَ (marada, “to be constant”).
Verb edit
مَرَّدَ • (marrada) II, non-past يُمَرِّدُ (yumarridu) (causative)
Conjugation edit
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
tamrīd | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
mumarrid | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
mumarrad | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | marradtu |
marradta |
مَرَّدَ marrada |
marradtumā |
marradā |
marradnā |
marradtum |
marradū | |||
f | marradti |
marradat |
marradatā |
marradtunna |
marradna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔumarridu |
tumarridu |
yumarridu |
tumarridāni |
yumarridāni |
numarridu |
tumarridūna |
yumarridūna | |||
f | tumarridīna |
tumarridu |
tumarridāni |
tumarridna |
yumarridna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔumarrida |
tumarrida |
yumarrida |
tumarridā |
yumarridā |
numarrida |
tumarridū |
yumarridū | |||
f | tumarridī |
tumarrida |
tumarridā |
tumarridna |
yumarridna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔumarrid |
tumarrid |
yumarrid |
tumarridā |
yumarridā |
numarrid |
tumarridū |
yumarridū | |||
f | tumarridī |
tumarrid |
tumarridā |
tumarridna |
yumarridna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | مَرِّدْ marrid |
marridā |
marridū |
||||||||
f | marridī |
marridna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | murridtu |
murridta |
مُرِّدَ murrida |
murridtumā |
murridā |
murridnā |
murridtum |
murridū | |||
f | murridti |
murridat |
murridatā |
murridtunna |
murridna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔumarradu |
tumarradu |
yumarradu |
tumarradāni |
yumarradāni |
numarradu |
tumarradūna |
yumarradūna | |||
f | tumarradīna |
tumarradu |
tumarradāni |
tumarradna |
yumarradna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔumarrada |
tumarrada |
yumarrada |
tumarradā |
yumarradā |
numarrada |
tumarradū |
yumarradū | |||
f | tumarradī |
tumarrada |
tumarradā |
tumarradna |
yumarradna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔumarrad |
tumarrad |
yumarrad |
tumarradā |
yumarradā |
numarrad |
tumarradū |
yumarradū | |||
f | tumarradī |
tumarrad |
tumarradā |
tumarradna |
yumarradna |
Etymology 3 edit
Verb edit
مَرِدَ • (marida) I, non-past يَمْرَدُ (yamradu)
- to be beardless
- to be callow or inexperienced
Conjugation edit
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
مَرَد marad | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
mārid | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
mamrūd | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | maridtu |
maridta |
مَرِدَ marida |
maridtumā |
maridā |
maridnā |
maridtum |
maridū | |||
f | maridti |
maridat |
maridatā |
maridtunna |
maridna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔamradu |
tamradu |
yamradu |
tamradāni |
yamradāni |
namradu |
tamradūna |
yamradūna | |||
f | tamradīna |
tamradu |
tamradāni |
tamradna |
yamradna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔamrada |
tamrada |
yamrada |
tamradā |
yamradā |
namrada |
tamradū |
yamradū | |||
f | tamradī |
tamrada |
tamradā |
tamradna |
yamradna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔamrad |
tamrad |
yamrad |
tamradā |
yamradā |
namrad |
tamradū |
yamradū | |||
f | tamradī |
tamrad |
tamradā |
tamradna |
yamradna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | imrad |
imradā |
imradū |
||||||||
f | imradī |
imradna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | muridtu |
muridta |
مُرِدَ murida |
muridtumā |
muridā |
muridnā |
muridtum |
muridū | |||
f | muridti |
muridat |
muridatā |
muridtunna |
muridna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔumradu |
tumradu |
yumradu |
tumradāni |
yumradāni |
numradu |
tumradūna |
yumradūna | |||
f | tumradīna |
tumradu |
tumradāni |
tumradna |
yumradna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔumrada |
tumrada |
yumrada |
tumradā |
yumradā |
numrada |
tumradū |
yumradū | |||
f | tumradī |
tumrada |
tumradā |
tumradna |
yumradna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔumrad |
tumrad |
yumrad |
tumradā |
yumradā |
numrad |
tumradū |
yumradū | |||
f | tumradī |
tumrad |
tumradā |
tumradna |
yumradna |
Etymology 4 edit
Unknown, possibly from a Middle Iranian cognate of Persian مورد (murd, “myrtle”). The “rebellion” senses of the root م ر د (m-r-d) may then be figurative after the tonic properties of the myrtle or the thermogenic, aphrodisiac and purgative effects of the toothbrush tree fruits.
Noun edit
مَرْد • (mard) m
- fruit of the toothbrush tree
Baluchi edit
Noun edit
مرد • (mard)
- man (male human)
Ottoman Turkish edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Persian مرد (mard).
Noun edit
مرد • (merd)
- man; a human male
Adjective edit
مرد • (merd)
Descendants edit
- Turkish: mert
Pashto edit
Noun edit
مرد • (mard) m
References edit
- Pashtoon, Zeeya A. (2009) “مرد”, in Pashto–English Dictionary, Hyattsville: Dunwoody Press
Persian edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (mlt' /mard/), [Book Pahlavi needed] (GBRA /mard/), from Old Persian 𐎶𐎼𐎫𐎡𐎹 (martiya), from Proto-Iranian *mŕ̥tah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mŕ̥tas, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *mr̥tós (“dead, mortal”), from *mer- (“to die”); whence also مردن (mordan, “to die”), and مردم (mardom, “people”).[1]
Cognates include Northern Kurdish mêr (“husband”), Northern Luri مێرںە (mırə, “husband”), Sanskrit मर्त (marta, “mortal, man”), Old Armenian մարդ (mard, “man”), Ancient Greek βροτός (brotós, “mortal”), and Latin mortuus (“dead”)
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [maɾð]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [mæɹd̪̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [mäɹd̪]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | mard |
Dari reading? | mard |
Iranian reading? | mard |
Tajik reading? | mard |
- (dialectal, Khesht, Konartakhteh, Dashtestan) IPA(key): /meɾd/
Audio (Iran) (file)
Noun edit
Dari | مرد |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | мард |
مرد • (mard) (plural مردان (mardân) or مردها (mard-hâ))
- man (adult male human)
- یک مردِ جوان ― yek mard-e javan ― A young man
- (calque from English, in the vocative) used to address a man
- چطوری مرد؟! ― četowri mard?! ― How are doing you man?!
- a member of a team or group, usually in plural
- یوآخیم لو و مردانش برزیل را هفت بر یک شکست دادند.
- yu-âxim low û mardânaš berezil râ haft bar yek šekast dâdand.
- Joachim Löw and his men beat Brazil 7-1.
Derived terms edit
- مردانه (mardâne)
- مردانگی (mardânegi)
- نامرد (nâmard)
- نامردی (nâmardi)
- جوانمرد (javân-mard)
- جوانمردی (javân-mardi)
- پیرمرد (pir-mard)
- شیرمرد (šir-mard)
- مردافکن (mard-afkan)
- مردسالار (mard-sâlâr)
- مردِ حسابی (mard-e-hesâbi)
- مردِ میدان (mard-e-meydân)
- رادمرد (râd-mard)
- بزرگمرد (bozorg-mard)
- مرداویج (mardâvij)
- مردِ جنگی (mard-e-jangi)
- گیلهمرد (gile-mard)
Descendants edit
- → Azerbaijani: mərd
- → Bengali: মরদ (morod)
- → Hindustani:
- → Ottoman Turkish: مرد (merd, mert)
- Turkish: mert
- → Punjabi:
- → Uyghur: مەرت (mert)
- → Uzbek: mard
See also edit
- زن (zan, “woman, wife”), پسر (pesar, “boy, son”), پدر (pedar, “father”), برادر (barâdar, “brother”), خواهر (xâhar, “sister”), دختر (doxtar, “daughter, girl”)
Etymology 2 edit
Verb edit
مرد • (mord)
References edit
- ^ Edelʹman, D. I. (2015) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 5, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 213
Urdu edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Classical Persian مرد (mard).
Pronunciation edit
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /məɾd̪/
- Rhymes: -əɾd̪
Noun edit
مَرْد • (mard) m (Hindi spelling मर्द)
- man (male human)