Japanese edit

Kanji in this term
くだ
Grade: 1

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): [kɯ̟ᵝda̠sa̠ɾɯ̟ᵝ]
  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "くださる"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
くださる ださ [kùdásáꜜrù]
Imperative (命令形) くだされ ださ [kùdásáꜜrè]
Key constructions
Passive くだされる だされ [kùdásáréꜜrù]
Causative くださせる ださせ [kùdásáséꜜrù]
Potential - - -
Volitional くださろう ださろ [kùdásáróꜜò]
Negative くださらない ださらない [kùdásáráꜜnàì]
Negative perfective くださらなかった ださらなかった [kùdásáráꜜnàkàttà]
Formal くださいます ださいま [kùdásáímáꜜsù]
Perfective くださった ださった [kùdásáꜜttà]
Conjunctive くださって ださって [kùdásáꜜttè]
Hypothetical conditional くだされば だされば [kùdásáꜜrèbà]

Etymology 1 edit

From classical (くだ)さる (kudasaru), by a shift in the conjugation from ichidan to godan.

Verb edit

(くだ)さる (kudasarugodan (stem (くだ)さり (kudasari) or (くだ)さい (kudasai), past (くだ)さった (kudasatta))

  1. (honorific) to give
    先生(せんせい)(わたし)(ほん)(くだ)さいました
    Sensei wa watashi ni hon o kudasaimashita.
    [My] teacher gave me a book.
  2. (honorific) to do something for me/us
Usage notes edit
  • The receiver is always the speaker or someone close to the speaker such as a family member. The giver is always someone of higher social status than the speaker.
Conjugation edit
The template Template:ja-honorific does not use the parameter(s):
3=kudasa
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.

Synonyms edit

Etymology 2 edit

Derived as the passive / potential / spontaneous / honorific conjugation of 下す (kudasu, to lower something).

Verb edit

(くだ)さる (kudasarunidan

  1. (honorific) to give
  2. (honorific) to do something for me/us
Conjugation edit