Chinese

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sorrow; grief; pity
sorrow; grief; pity; to grieve for; to pity; to lament
 
get close to; relative; sorrow
get close to; relative; sorrow; battle-axe
 
simp. and trad.
(哀戚)

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial () (34) (14)
Final () (41) (127)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () I IV
Fanqie
Baxter 'oj tshek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʔʌi/ /t͡sʰek̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʔəi/ /t͡sʰek̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʔɒi/ /t͡sʰɛk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʔəj/ /t͡sʰɛjk̚/
Li
Rong
/ʔᴀi/ /t͡sʰek̚/
Wang
Li
/ɒi/ /t͡sʰiek̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ʔɑ̆i/ /t͡sʰiek̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
āi qi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
oi1 cik1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/4 2/4 3/4 4/4
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
āi
Middle
Chinese
‹ ʔoj › ‹ tshek › ‹ tshek › ‹ tshek › ‹ tshek ›
Old
Chinese
/*ʔˁəj/ /*s.tʰˁiwk/ /*s.tʰˁiwk/ /*s.tʰˁiwk/ /*s.tʰˁiwk/
English to pity; sad (in "toad") relatives kind of battle axe worried; sad; depressed

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 14835 11729
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1 2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*qɯːl/ /*sʰlɯːwɢ/

Adjective

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哀戚

  1. (literary) full of grief and sorrow

Synonyms

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