Chinese edit

 
sad; sadness; sorrow
sad; sadness; sorrow; grief
 
sorrow; grief; pity
sorrow; grief; pity; to grieve for; to pity; to lament
trad. (悲哀)
simp. #(悲哀)

Pronunciation edit



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial () (1) (34)
Final () (17) (41)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () III I
Fanqie
Baxter pij 'oj
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/pˠiɪ/ /ʔʌi/
Pan
Wuyun
/pᵚi/ /ʔəi/
Shao
Rongfen
/piɪ/ /ʔɒi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/pji/ /ʔəj/
Li
Rong
/pji/ /ʔᴀi/
Wang
Li
/pi/ /ɒi/
Bernard
Karlgren
/pi/ /ʔɑ̆i/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
āi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
bei1 oi1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
bēi āi
Middle
Chinese
‹ pij › ‹ ʔoj ›
Old
Chinese
/*prəj/ /*ʔˁəj/
English sad to pity; sad

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 3067 14835
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1 1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*prɯl/ /*qɯːl/

Adjective edit

悲哀

  1. sorrowful; sad

Synonyms edit

Japanese edit

Kanji in this term

Grade: 3
あい
Grade: S
on’yomi

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

()(あい) (hiaiひあい (fiai)?

  1. sorrow, sadness
    サラリーマン(せい)(かつ)()(あい)
    sararīman seikatsu no hiai
    the sorrows of the life of an office worker

Synonyms edit

Adjective edit

()(あい) (hiaiひあい (fiai)?-na (adnominal ()(あい) (hiai na), adverbial ()(あい) (hiai ni))

  1. pitiful; pathetic; miserable

Inflection edit

References edit

  1. 1.0 1.1 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean edit

Hanja in this term

Noun edit

悲哀 (biae) (hangeul 비애)

  1. Hanja form? of 비애 (grief; sorrow; sadness).