Wiktionary

央

See also: 中
央 U+592E, 央
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-592E
← 夭
[U+592D] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 夯 →
[U+592F]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

央 (Kangxi radical 37, 大+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 中月大 (LBK), four-corner 50030, composition ⿻冂大 or ⿻𠀃人)

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 249, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5840
  • Dae Jaweon: page 508, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 524, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+592E

Chinese edit

trad. 央
simp. # 央

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 央
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
       
Characters in the same phonetic series (央) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
鴦 *qaːŋ, *qaŋ
佒 *qaːŋ
咉 *qaːŋ, *qaːŋʔ
眏 *qaːŋ
姎 *qaːŋ, *qaːŋʔ
坱 *qaːŋʔ
映 *qaːŋʔ, *qraŋs
泱 *qaːŋʔ, *qaŋ
盎 *qaːŋʔ, *qaːŋs
駚 *qaːŋʔ, *qaŋʔ
軮 *qaːŋʔ
醠 *qaːŋʔ, *qaːŋs
央 *qaŋ
秧 *qaŋ, *qaŋʔ
殃 *qaŋ
鞅 *qaŋ, *qaŋʔ, *qaŋs
鉠 *qaŋ, *qraŋ
雵 *qaŋ
胦 *qaŋ, *qroːŋ
柍 *qaŋʔ
詇 *qaŋʔ, *qaŋs, *qraŋs
岟 *qaŋʔ
炴 *qaŋʔ
怏 *qaŋʔ, *qaŋs
紻 *qaŋʔ
英 *qraŋ
瑛 *qraŋ
霙 *qraŋ
韺 *qraŋ
媖 *qraŋ
渶 *qraŋ
鶧 *qraŋ
楧 *qraŋ
暎 *qraŋs

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 大 (“man”) + 冂 (“pole”) - a man carrying a pole with its middle on his shoulder.

Etymology edit

於 (OC ʔa) plus terminative suffix *-ŋ, hence literally "to get to be in the middle" (Schuessler, 2007). See 於 (OC ʔa) for further etymology.

Pronunciation 1 edit

Note:
  • yông - literary;
  • ông - vernacular (limited, e.g. 中央).
Note:
  • iong - literary;
  • iang - literary (all sense in Zhangzhou, “to beg” in Xiamen and mainstream Taiwanese);
  • ng - vernacular (limited, e.g. 中央).
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 央
Mandarin Beijing /iɑŋ⁵⁵/
Harbin /iaŋ⁴⁴/
Tianjin /iɑŋ²¹/
Jinan /iaŋ²¹³/
Qingdao /iaŋ²¹³/
Zhengzhou /iaŋ²⁴/
Xi'an /iaŋ²¹/
Xining /iɔ̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /iɑŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /iɑ̃³¹/
Ürümqi /iɑŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /iaŋ⁵⁵/
Chengdu /iaŋ⁵⁵/
Guiyang /iaŋ⁵⁵/
Kunming /iã̠⁴⁴/
Nanjing /iaŋ³¹/
Hefei /iɑ̃²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /iɒ̃¹¹/
Pingyao /iɑŋ¹³/
Hohhot /iɑ̃³¹/
Wu Shanghai /iã⁵³/
Suzhou /iã⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /ʔiɑŋ³³/
Wenzhou /j̠i³³/
Hui Shexian /ia³¹/
Tunxi /iau¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /ian³³/
Xiangtan /ian³³/
Gan Nanchang /iɔŋ⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /ioŋ⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /oŋ²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jœŋ⁵³/
Nanning /jœŋ⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /jœŋ⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /iɔŋ⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /yoŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /iɔŋ⁵⁴/
/ɔŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /iaŋ³³/
/ŋ³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /iaŋ²³/
/o²³/
Rime
Character 央
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 陽 (105)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 於良切
Baxter 'jang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʔɨɐŋ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʔiɐŋ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ʔiɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʔɨaŋ/
Li
Rong 		/ʔiaŋ/
Wang
Li 		/ĭaŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ʔi̯aŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yāng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		joeng1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 央 央
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yāng yāng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ʔjang › ‹ ʔjang ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ʔaŋ/ /*ʔaŋ/
English end (v.) center (n.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 央
Reading # 1/1
No. 14488
Phonetic
component 		央
Rime
group 		陽
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		央
Old
Chinese 		/*qaŋ/

Definitions edit

央

  1. center; middle
  2. to end; to finish
  3. to beg; to plead; to implore
  4. (alt. form 殃) calamity; disaster
  5. a surname

Pronunciation 2 edit

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 央
Mandarin Beijing /iɑŋ⁵⁵/
Harbin /iaŋ⁴⁴/
Tianjin /iɑŋ²¹/
Jinan /iaŋ²¹³/
Qingdao /iaŋ²¹³/
Zhengzhou /iaŋ²⁴/
Xi'an /iaŋ²¹/
Xining /iɔ̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /iɑŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /iɑ̃³¹/
Ürümqi /iɑŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /iaŋ⁵⁵/
Chengdu /iaŋ⁵⁵/
Guiyang /iaŋ⁵⁵/
Kunming /iã̠⁴⁴/
Nanjing /iaŋ³¹/
Hefei /iɑ̃²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /iɒ̃¹¹/
Pingyao /iɑŋ¹³/
Hohhot /iɑ̃³¹/
Wu Shanghai /iã⁵³/
Suzhou /iã⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /ʔiɑŋ³³/
Wenzhou /j̠i³³/
Hui Shexian /ia³¹/
Tunxi /iau¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /ian³³/
Xiangtan /ian³³/
Gan Nanchang /iɔŋ⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /ioŋ⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /oŋ²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jœŋ⁵³/
Nanning /jœŋ⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /jœŋ⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /iɔŋ⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /yoŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /iɔŋ⁵⁴/
/ɔŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /iaŋ³³/
/ŋ³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /iaŋ²³/
/o²³/

Definitions edit

央

  1. †Only used in 央央.

Compounds edit

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

央

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings edit

Etymology edit

Kanji in this term
央
おう
Grade: 3
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 央 (MC 'jang).

Pronunciation edit

Affix edit

央(おう) • (ō) ←あう (au)?

  1. centre, middle
  2. (US) Short for 央州 (“Oregon (a state of the United States)”).

Derived terms edit

Derived terms

Proper noun edit

央(あたる) • (Ataru) 

  1. a male given name

央(おう) • (Ō) 

  1. a male given name

央(とおる) • (Tōru) 

  1. a male given name

央(なかば) • (Nakaba) 

  1. a male given name

央(ひさし) • (Hisashi) 

  1. a male given name

央(ひろし) • (Hiroshi) 

  1. a male given name

央(よう) • (Yō) 

  1. a male given name

Korean edit

Hanja edit

央 • (ang) (hangeul 앙, revised ang, McCune–Reischauer ang)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

央: Hán Nôm readings: ương, trân

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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