憭

憭 U+61AD, 憭 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-61AD ← 憬 [U+61AC] CJK Unified Ideographs 憮 → [U+61AE]

Translingual

Han character

憭 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 心大金火 (PKCF), four-corner 9409₆, composition ⿰忄尞)

1. clear
2. intelligible
3. severe
4. cold

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 403, character 38
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11258
• Dae Jaweon: page 744, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2353, character 13
• Unihan data for U+61AD

Chinese

simp. and trad.		憭

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (尞) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
簝	*reːw, *reːw
潦	*reːwʔ, *reːws
獠	*reːwʔ, *ʔr'eːwʔ, *reːw
轑	*reːwʔ
橑	*reːwʔ, *reːw
燎	*rew, *rewʔ, *rews
繚	*rewʔ, *reːw, *reːwʔ
璙	*rewʔ, *reːw, *reːws
憭	*rewʔ, *reːw, *reːwʔ
爒	*rewʔ, *reːwʔ
僚	*rewʔ, *reːw
嫽	*rewʔ, *reːw, *reːws
療	*rews
膫	*rews, *reːw
鷯	*rews, *reːw
遼	*reːw
撩	*reːw, *reːwʔ
嘹	*reːw, *reːw, *reːws
寮	*reːw
飉	*reːw
竂	*reːw
鐐	*reːw, *reːws
蟟	*reːw
瞭	*reːw, *reːwʔ
嶚	*reːw
镽	*reːwʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rewʔ, *reːw, *reːwʔ) : semantic 心 (“heart”) + phonetic 尞 ().

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): liǎo (liao³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄠˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): liu⁵
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): liáu

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: liǎo
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄠˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: liǎo
    • Wade–Giles: liao³
    • Yale: lyǎu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: leau
    • Palladius: ляо (ljao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /li̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: liu⁵
    • Yale: líuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: liu⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: liu⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /liːu̯¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liáu
    • Tâi-lô: liáu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: liao
    • IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /liau⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /liau⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /liau⁴¹/

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• Middle Chinese: lew, lewX, ljewX

Rime
Character	憭	憭	憭
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	來 (37)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	蕭 (93)	蕭 (93)	宵 (91)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	IV	III
Fanqie	落蕭切	盧鳥切	力小切
Baxter	lew	lewX	ljewX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/leu/	/leuX/	/liᴇuX/
Pan Wuyun	/leu/	/leuX/	/liɛuX/
Shao Rongfen	/leu/	/leuX/	/ljæuX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lɛw/	/lɛwX/	/liawX/
Li Rong	/leu/	/leuX/	/liɛuX/
Wang Li	/lieu/	/lieuX/	/lĭɛuX/
Bernard Karlgren	/lieu/	/lieuX/	/li̯ɛuX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	liáo	liǎo	liǎo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	liu4	liu5	liu5

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*rewʔ/, /*reːw/, /*reːwʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	憭	憭	憭
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
No.	8082	8109	8114
Phonetic component	尞	尞	尞
Rime group	宵	宵	宵
Rime subdivision	2	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	繚	聊	了
Old Chinese	/*rewʔ/	/*reːw/	/*reːwʔ/

Definitions

憭

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Japanese

Kanji

憭

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

• On (unclassified): りょう (ryō)
• Kun: さとい (satoi)

Vietnamese

Han character

憭: Hán Nôm readings: trêu

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