aler

See also: åler

Indonesian

Etymology

Borrowed from Batuley [Term?].

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈalɛr/

Noun

aler (first-person possessive alerku, second-person possessive alermu, third-person possessive alernya)

1. blade

   Synonym: mata pisau

Further reading

• “aler” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.

Malay

Alternative forms

• alur
• alor
• alir
• salur
• salor
• salir
• saler
• الور
• الير
• سالور
• سالير

Verb

aler (1927 - 1972, used in the form mangaler)

1. Obsolete spelling of alir

Noun

aler (1927 - 1972)

1. Obsolete spelling of alir

Middle French

Verb

aler

1. Alternative form of aller

Conjugation

• Like Modern French aller, highly irregular.
• Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Conjugation of aler

infinitive	simple	aler
	compound	estre + past participle
present participle1 or gerund2	simple	alant
	compound	present participle or gerund of estre + past participle
past participle		alé
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ie (i’)	tu	il, elle	nous	vous	ilz, elles
(simple tenses)	present	vays	vas	va	alons	alez	vont
	imperfect	alois	alois	aloit	alions	aliez	aloient
	past historic	alai	alas	ala	alasmes	alastes	alerent
	future	iroye, yroie	iras, yras	ira, yra	irons, yrons	irez, yrez	iront, yront
	conditional	irois, yrois	irois, yrois	iroit, yroit	irions, yrions	iriez, yriez	iroient, yroient
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of estre + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of estre + past participle
	past anterior	past historic of estre + past participle
	future perfect	future of estre + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of estre + past participle
subjunctive		que ie (i’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ilz, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	aille	ailles	aille	alions	aliez	aillent
	imperfect	alasse	alasses	alast	alassions	alassiez	alassent
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of estre + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of estre + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	va	—	alons	alez	—
compound		—	simple imperative of estre + past participle	—	simple imperative of estre + past participle	simple imperative of estre + past participle	—
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180).

Old French

Alternative forms

• aller (less common)

Etymology

A suppletive verb, with some parts of the paradigm derived from Latin vadō and eō. See modern French aller for more information, particularly on the origin of the all- forms, which come from Early Medieval Latin alāre (attested in the Reichenau glosses), perhaps from Gaulish or from an earlier *amlāre, alteration of ambulāre.

Verb

aler

1. to go (move, change place)
   • c. 1170, Wace, Le Roman de Rou:

     Li borgeiz de la vile sont as portes alé

     The inhabitants of the town went to the ports

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. This verb is highly irregular and it is suppletive. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of aler (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		aler			estre alé
gerund		en alant			gerund of estre + past participle
present participle		alant
past participle		alé
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	vois, vai	vais, vas	vait, va	alons	alez	vont
	imperfect	aloie, aleie, aloe, aleve	aloies, aleies, aloes, aleves	aloit, aleit, alot, aleve	aliiens, aliens	aliiez, aliez	aloient, aleient, aloent, alevent
	preterite	alai	alas	ala	alames	alastes	alerent
	future	irai	iras	ira	irons	iroiz, ireiz, irez	iront
	conditional	iroie, ireie	iroies, ireies	iroit, ireit	iriiens, iriens	iriiez, iriez	iroient, ireient
compound tenses	present perfect	present tense of estre + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect tense of estre + past participle
	past anterior	preterite tense of estre + past participle
	future perfect	future tense of estre + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional tense of estre + past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	voise, aille, alge, auge	voises, ailles, alges, auges	voise, voist, aille, aut, algeṭ, auge	voisiens, voisons, alons, ailliens, aillons, algiens, aljons, augiens, aujons	voisiez, alez, ailliez, algiez, algez, augiez, augez	voisent, aillent, algent, augent
	imperfect	alasse	alasses	alast	alissons, alissiens	alissoiz, alissez, alissiez	alassent
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of estre + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of estre + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
		—	vas, va	—	alons	alez	—

Descendants

• Middle French: aller
  • French: aller
    • Haitian Creole: ale, al
• Norman: allaïr, aller, allaer
• Walloon: aler

References

• “Appendix E: Irregular Verbs” in E. Einhorn (1974), Old French: A Concise Handbook, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 150

Romanian

Interjection

aler

1. Obsolete form of lerui.

References

• aler in Academia Română, Micul dicționar academic, ediția a II-a, Bucharest: Univers Enciclopedic, 2010. →ISBN

Walloon

Etymology

From Old French aler, a suppletive verb, with some parts of the paradigm derived from Latin vadō and eō. See modern French aller for more information, particularly on the origin of the al- forms, which may come from a Vulgar Latin alāre (8th century, Reichenau glosses), possibly from Gaulish or from an earlier *amlāre, alteration of ambulāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ale/

Verb

aler

1. to go

Conjugation

   —         —   Conjugation of the verb aler in Walloon   —   Codjowaedje do viebe aler e walon

infinitive			aler
gerund			alant
auxiliary			aveur
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		sitî		sitou
		plural		sitîs		sitous
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		dji (dj')	ti (t')	i (il) / ele	dji (dj') / nos	vos	i (il)
	present	va	vas	va	djans or alans	alez	vont or alèt
	imperfect	aléve	aléves	aléve	aléns	alîz	alént
	preterit	ala	alas	ala	alîs	alîz	alît
	future	irè	irès	irè	irans	iroz	iront
	conditional	ireu	ireus	ireut	iréns	irîz	irént
subjunctive		ki dj'	ki t'	k' i (il) / k' ele	ki dj' / ki nos	ki vos	k' i (il)
	present	våye	våyes	våye	alanxhe	aléxhe	våynuxhe or alèxhe
	present	alaxhe	alaxhes	alaxhe	alénxhe	alîxhe	alénxhe
imperative		—	ti	—	dji / nos	vos	—
	affirmative		va		djans or alans	alez