beirid
Irish edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
beirid
Usage notes edit
The modern standard forms are beireann siad in the indicative and go mbeire siad in the subjunctive.
Mutation edit
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
beirid | bheirid | mbeirid |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Middle Irish edit
Etymology edit
From Old Irish beirid, from Proto-Celtic *bereti, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-. See Old Irish ro·uic for the etymology of the suppletive perfective forms.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
beirid (conjunct beir, verbal noun breth)
- to carry, bring
- c. 1000, “The Tale of Mac Da Thó's Pig”, in Ernst Windisch, editor, Irische Texte, volume 1, published 1800, section 1:
- Ro·ferad failte friu uile, ocus ructha chuci-sium isin mbruidin.
- They were all made welcome and brought to him in the hall.
- c. 1000, Anonymous, published in (1935) Rudolf Thurneysen, editor, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó (in Middle Irish), Dublin: Staionery Office, § 1, l. 15, page 2: “Mani·tucad immurgu ní din chéttadall ni·bered a n-aill. ― If, however, he did not take anything at (literally “from”) his first thrust, he did not bring the second.”
Conjugation edit
- Third person singular imperfect indicative: ·bered
- Plural passive perfect contracted absolute: ructha
Descendants edit
Mutation edit
Middle Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
beirid | beirid pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/ |
mbeirid |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading edit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “beirid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Old Irish edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Celtic *bereti, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-. See ro·uic for the etymology of the suppletive perfective forms.
Cognates include Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌽 (bairan), Ancient Greek φέρω (phérō), Sanskrit भरति (bhárati), Latin ferō, Old Church Slavonic бьрати (bĭrati).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
beirid (conjunct ·beir, verbal noun breth)
- to carry, bring
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 6c9
- Ní hed not·beir i nem, cía ba loingthech.
- It is not this that brings you sg into heaven, that you may be gluttonous.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 6c9
- to bear (children)
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 129c8
- in tan ṁberes claind, is fáilid íar sin
- when she bears children, she is joyous after that
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 129c8
- to give (judgment)
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 9c12
- Bat hé berte bretha lib.
- Let it be them who give judgments among you.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 9c12
- to refer [+ fri (object) = to]
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 29a28
- Ní taibre grád for nech causa a pectha ꝉ a chaíngníma: ar bíit alaili and ro·finnatar a pecthe resíu do·coí grád forru; alaili is íarum ro·finnatar. Berir dano fri láa brátha.
- You sg should not confer orders on anyone because of his sin or of his good deed: for there are some whose sins are found out before their ordination, others whose [sins] are found out afterwards. Reference is made, then, to the day of judgment.
- (literally, “…before orders go upon them…”)
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 29a28
Conjugation edit
Simple, class B I present, t preterite, é future, a subjunctive
Perfective forms derived from ro·uic:
Complex, class A I present, f future, a subjunctive
1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present indicative | Deut. | ro·ucca | ro·ucthar | ||||||
Prot. | ·rucaim | ·ruca, ·rucca | ·rucat | ·ructhar | |||||
Imperfect indicative | Deut. | ||||||||
Prot. | ·rucad | ·ructais | |||||||
Preterite | Deut. | ||||||||
Prot. | |||||||||
Perfect | Deut. | ro·uccus | ro·ucais | ro·ucc, ro·uic | ro·ucsaid | ro·ucsat | ro·ucad | ro·uctha | |
Prot. | ·rucus | ·rucais | ·ruc | ·rucsat | ·rucad | ·ructha | |||
Future | Deut. | ||||||||
Prot. | ·rucfaither | ·rucfaiter | |||||||
Conditional | Deut. | ||||||||
Prot. | |||||||||
Present subjunctive | Deut. | ||||||||
Prot. | ·ruca, ·rucca | ·ructar | |||||||
Past subjunctive | Deut. | ||||||||
Prot. | ·ruccainn | ·ructhae | ·ructais | ||||||
Imperative | uic | ||||||||
Verbal noun | |||||||||
Past participle | |||||||||
Verbal of necessity |
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
Mutation edit
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
beirid | beirid pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/ |
mbeirid |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading edit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “beirid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language