espallar

Galician

Alternative forms

• espalhar (reintegrationist)

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese espallar (14th century). From es- (“out, ex-”) +‎ palla (“straw”). Cognate with Portuguese espalhar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /espaˈʎaɾ/

Verb

espallar (first-person singular present espallo, first-person singular preterite espallei, past participle espallado)

1. (transitive) to winnow; to remove the grasses and chaff from the hay
2. (transitive) to spread, to scatter (something on a surface)
   • c1350, Kelvin M. Parker (ed.), Historia Troyana. Santiago: Instituto Padre Sarmiento, page 147:

     Et meteu se por medeo da batalla et ya rraueoso asi cõmo (hũ) leõ brauo quando esta cõ grã fame et entrou onde estauã mays de seysçentos [omes] armados et diz o cõto que os hũus chagaua, et outros derribaua, et outros atrauesaua et espaliaua, et moytos mataua.

     And he went through the middle of the battle, and he was raging like a wild lion when he is starving, and he entered where there were more than six hundred armed men, and the tale says that he injured some of them, and he knocked down others, and others he pierced and routed, and he killed many of them

   Synonyms: ciscar, estrar

3. (transitive) to disseminate, to spread (an idea; a rumor)
   • 1697, Joan del Rio y Otero, Fiestas Minervales, page 33:

     Porque mereces que todos / Che chamen segunda Athena; / Por el o teu nome a fama / Polo mundo espalla leda

     Because you deserve to be called The Second Athens by all; because of him your name Fame happily spreads around the world

   Synonyms: difundir, propagar

4. (reflexive) to spread out

Conjugation

    Conjugation of espallar

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	espallar
Personal	espallar	espallares	espallar	espallarmos	espallardes	espallaren
Gerund
	espallando
Past participle
Masculine	espallado			espallados
Feminine	espallada			espalladas
Indicative
Present	espallo	espallas	espalla	espallamos	espallades	espallan
Imperfect	espallaba	espallabas	espallaba	espallabamos	espallabades	espallaban
Preterite	espallei	espallaches	espallou	espallamos	espallastes	espallaron
Pluperfect	espallara	espallaras	espallara	espallaramos	espallarades	espallaran
Future	espallarei	espallarás	espallará	espallaremos	espallaredes	espallarán
Conditional	espallaría	espallarías	espallaría	espallariamos	espallariades	espallarían
Subjunctive
Present	espalle	espalles	espalle	espallemos	espalledes	espallen
Imperfect	espallase	espallases	espallase	espallásemos	espallásedes	espallasen
Future	espallar	espallares	espallar	espallarmos	espallardes	espallaren
Imperative
Affirmative		espalla	espalle	espallemos	espallade	espallen
Negative (non)		non espalles	non espalle	non espallemos	non espalledes	non espallen

Related terms

• palla

References

• “espaliar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
• “espalia” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
• “espallar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “espallar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “espallar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.