vika
English edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Pijin vika, from Vangunu [Term?], a Solomon Islands language.
Noun edit
vika (plural vikas)
- A large, tree-dwelling rodent (Uromys vika) found in the Solomon Islands
- Synonym: Vangunu giant rat
Translations edit
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References edit
- Uromys vika on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- Uromys vika on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
- Uromys on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
Anagrams edit
Esperanto edit
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
vika (accusative singular vikan, plural vikaj, accusative plural vikajn)
Related terms edit
Faroese edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse vika, from Proto-Germanic *wikǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *weyg- (“to bend, wind, turn, yield”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
vika f (genitive singular viku, plural vikur)
Declension edit
Declension of vika | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
f1 | singular | plural | ||
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | vika | vikan | vikur | vikurnar |
accusative | viku | vikuna | vikur | vikurnar |
dative | viku | vikuni | vikum | vikunum |
genitive | viku | vikunnar | vika | vikanna |
Derived terms edit
- vikuskifti (“weekend”)
Finnish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Finnic *vika, possibly borrowed from Proto-Germanic *swiką. Cognate with Estonian viga.
Noun edit
vika
- flaw, malfunction, failure, problem
- Koneessa on vika.
- There is a malfunction in the machine.
- Kun hän näki vian, hän vain kohautti olkapäitään ja alkoi korjata sitä.
- When he saw the problem, he just shrugged and started fixing it.
- fault, error, mistake
- Se on sinun vikasi.
- It is your fault.
- flaw, stain (in character)
- Kaikissa meissä vikaa on.
- Everyone has their flaws.
- (something) wrong
- Älä valita! Ruoassasi ei ole mitään vikaa.
- Stop complaining! There's nothing wrong with your food.
- Kännykässäni on jotain vikaa.
- Something is wrong with my cellphone.
Declension edit
Inflection of vika (Kotus type 9*D/kala, k-∅ gradation) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | vika | viat | ||
genitive | vian | vikojen | ||
partitive | vikaa | vikoja | ||
illative | vikaan | vikoihin | ||
singular | plural | |||
nominative | vika | viat | ||
accusative | nom. | vika | viat | |
gen. | vian | |||
genitive | vian | vikojen vikainrare | ||
partitive | vikaa | vikoja | ||
inessive | viassa | vioissa | ||
elative | viasta | vioista | ||
illative | vikaan | vikoihin | ||
adessive | vialla | vioilla | ||
ablative | vialta | vioilta | ||
allative | vialle | vioille | ||
essive | vikana | vikoina | ||
translative | viaksi | vioiksi | ||
abessive | viatta | vioitta | ||
instructive | — | vioin | ||
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Derived terms edit
Compounds edit
- jalkavika
- kehitysvika
- konevika
- kulumisvika
- kuulovika
- käsivika
- laatuvika
- linjavika
- lonkkavika
- läppävika
- moottorivika
- pikkuvika
- pintavika
- puhevika
- purentavika
- rakennevika
- ryhtivika
- selkävika
- sukuvika
- sydänhermovika
- sydänvika
- syntymävika
- sähkövika
- tekovika
- valmistusvika
- valuvika
- vikahälytys
- vikailmoitus
- vikakierre
- vikapaikka
- vikapisto
- vikapää
- vikasieto
- vikasietoisuus
- vikasoitto
- vikatiheys
- vikatikki
- vikatilanne
- vikatilasto
- värivika
- ässävika
Further reading edit
- “1. vika”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][2] (online dictionary, continuously updated, in Finnish), Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01
Etymology 2 edit
Clipping of viimeinen (“last”). See also -ka.
Adjective edit
vika (colloquial)
- last
- Vikana hypännyt häviää.
- The one that jumps last loses.
Declension edit
Inflection of vika (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | vika | vikat | |
genitive | vikan | vikojen | |
partitive | vikaa | vikoja | |
illative | vikaan | vikoihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | vika | vikat | |
accusative | nom. | vika | vikat |
gen. | vikan | ||
genitive | vikan | vikojen vikainrare | |
partitive | vikaa | vikoja | |
inessive | vikassa | vikoissa | |
elative | vikasta | vikoista | |
illative | vikaan | vikoihin | |
adessive | vikalla | vikoilla | |
ablative | vikalta | vikoilta | |
allative | vikalle | vikoille | |
essive | vikana | vikoina | |
translative | vikaksi | vikoiksi | |
abessive | vikatta | vikoitta | |
instructive | — | vikoin | |
comitative | — | vikoine |
Possessive forms of vika (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Further reading edit
- “2. vika”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][3] (online dictionary, continuously updated, in Finnish), Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01
Anagrams edit
Icelandic edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse vika, from Proto-Germanic *wikǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *weyg- (“to bend, wind, turn, yield”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
vika f (genitive singular viku, nominative plural vikur)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Ingrian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *vika. Cognates include Finnish vika and Estonian viga.
Pronunciation edit
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈʋikɑ/, [ˈʋikɑ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈʋikɑ/, [ˈʋiɡ̊ɑ]
- Rhymes: -ikɑ
- Hyphenation: vi‧ka
Noun edit
vika
Declension edit
Declension of vika (type 3/kana, k- gradation, gemination) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | vika | viat |
genitive | vian | vikkoin |
partitive | vikkaa | vikoja |
illative | vikkaa | vikkoi |
inessive | vias | viois |
elative | viast | vioist |
allative | vialle | vioille |
adessive | vial | vioil |
ablative | vialt | vioilt |
translative | viaks | vioiks |
essive | vikanna, vikkaan | vikoinna, vikkoin |
exessive1) | vikant | vikoint |
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. |
References edit
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 664
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Alternative forms edit
Noun edit
vika m or f
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Norse víkin f, definite form of Old Norse vík f.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
vika f
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Norse vika (“week”), from Proto-Germanic *wikǭ (“turn, succession”),[1] from Proto-Indo-European *weyg- (“to bend, wind”). Related to Proto-Germanic *wīkaną (“to bend, yield”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
vika f (definite singular vika, indefinite plural viker or vikor, definite plural vikene or vikone)
Etymology 3 edit
From Old Norse víka, víkja, víkva.
Alternative forms edit
- (weak verb): vikja
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
vika (present tense vik, past tense veik, supine vike, past participle viken, present participle vikande, imperative vik)
- (intransitive) to give away, yield
- (intransitive) to look away, turn aside, waver
- (intransitive) to recede, retreat
- (intransitive) to depart, go away, leave
Derived terms edit
References edit
Old Norse edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Germanic *wikǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *weyg- (“to bend, wind, turn, yield”).
Noun edit
vika f
Declension edit
Descendants edit
- Icelandic: vika
- Faroese: vika
- Norn: voga
- Norwegian Nynorsk: veke, vika
- Norwegian: (dialectal) viku, vyku, vuku, væka
- Jamtish: vuku
- Elfdalian: wiku
- Old Swedish: vika
- Swedish: vecka
- Old Danish: uka, uku, wiku
- Old Gutnish: wika
References edit
- “vika”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Old Swedish edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Norse vika, from Proto-Germanic *wikǭ.
Noun edit
vika f
Declension edit
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | vika | vikan | viku(r), -o(r) | vikuna(r), -ona(r) |
accusative | viku, -o | vikuna, -ona | viku(r), -o(r) | vikuna(r), -ona(r) |
dative | viku, -o | vikunni, -onne | vikum, -om | vikumin, -omen |
genitive | viku, -o | vikunna(r), -onna(r) | vika | vikanna |
Descendants edit
- Swedish: vecka
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Norse víkja, from Proto-Germanic *wīkwaną.
Verb edit
vīka
Declension edit
present | past | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | vīka | — | |||
participle | vīkandi, vīkande | vikin | |||
active voice | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
iæk | vīker | vīki, vīke | — | vēk | viki, vike |
þū | vīker | vīki, vīke | vīk | vēkt | viki, vike |
han | vīker | vīki, vīke | — | vēk | viki, vike |
vīr | vīkum, vīkom | vīkum, vīkom | vīkum, vīkom | vikum, vikom | vikum, vikom |
īr | vīkin | vīkin | vīkin | vikin | vikin |
þēr | vīka | vīkin | — | viku, viko | vikin |
mediopassive voice | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
iæk | — | — | — | — | — |
þū | — | — | — | — | — |
han | — | — | — | — | — |
vīr | — | — | — | — | — |
īr | — | — | — | — | — |
þēr | — | — | — | — | — |
Descendants edit
- Swedish: vika
Serbo-Croatian edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
vȉka f (Cyrillic spelling ви̏ка)
Declension edit
Related terms edit
Swedish edit
Etymology edit
From Old Swedish vīka, from Old Norse víkja, víkva, from Proto-Germanic *wīkwaną.
The adverb in the phrase ge vika comes from Low German wike/weke gewen, where the noun wike means concession, escape.[1] Compare German weichen.
Pronunciation edit
audio (file)
Verb edit
vika (present viker, preterite vek, supine vikt or vikit, imperative vik)
- to fold (into several layers)
- De vikte tvätt
- They were folding laundry
- (colloquial) to dedicate (time), to designate a period of time for a certain action
- Jag viker en dag åt mässan.
- I am dedicating a day to the expo.
- (colloquial) to dedicate, to set aside for a special person or a special use
- De här kakorna har jag vikt åt stackars Tom – rör dem inte!
- These cookies I have put aside for poor Tom – don't touch them!
- (reflexive) to give up, to give in (under pressure), to budge
- Mona Sahlin viker sig inte i första taget.
- Mona Sahlin doesn't give up easily.
- (reflexive) to bend (for example from laughing or in pain)
- De skrattade så att de vek sig.
- They were rolling on the floor laughing.
- (usually with in) to turn (slightly, while moving)
- Vi vek in på en stig som vi aldrig hade gått förut
- We turned onto a path that we had never walked before
- (with av) to turn (while moving (so as to deviate from a path – sometimes figuratively))
- Vi vek av från huvudleden, in på en grusväg
- We turned off the main road onto a dirt road
- (with av) to deviate (more generally)
- Synonym: (more common) avvika
- (in "vika åt sidan") to move aside, (often) to step aside
- Folk vek åt sidan när han gick genom rummet med svärdet i hand
- People moved aside as he walked through the room with his sword in hand
- (transitive) (vika ut) to unfold, to open a foldout
- (reflexive) (vika ut) to expose oneself as a (more-or-less nude) centerfold, to appear (nude) in a magazine or online
- Ungdomar viker ut sig som aldrig förr.
- Youngsters expose themselves like never before.
- (reflexive, figuratively) to talk openly (on personal topics)
- (reflexive) to sleep, to go to bed
- Jag går och viker mig.
- I'm going to go to bed.
Conjugation edit
Active | Passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | vika | vikas | ||
Supine | vikt, vikit | vikts, vikits | ||
Imperative | vik | — | ||
Imper. plural1 | viken | — | ||
Present | Past | Present | Past | |
Indicative | viker | vek | viks, vikes | veks |
Ind. plural1 | vika | veko | vikas | vekos |
Subjunctive2 | vike | veke | vikes | vekes |
Participles | ||||
Present participle | vikande | |||
Past participle | vikt, viken | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. |
Derived terms edit
- vika ihop (“fold up, fold”)
Related terms edit
See also edit
- fälla (“to fold (something more or less rigid (so as to bring it into or out of a more compact and often "deactivated" state))”)
- veckla
Adverb edit
vika
- (in the expression: ge vika) to give way, to give in, to fold (under pressure)
- De föll fem meter när golvet gav vika
- They fell five meters when the floor gave way
- De gav vika för barnens tjat
- They gave in to their children's nagging
- Han blev tvungen att ge vika för deras vilja
- He was forced to give in to their will
- Muren började ge vika för murbräckan
- The wall was starting to give way to the battering ram
References edit
- ^ Vika in Svenska Akademiens ordlista öfver svenska språket (6th ed., 1889)
Further reading edit
- vika in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- vika in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- vika in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
Anagrams edit
Votic edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *vika.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
vika
Inflection edit
Declension of vika (type III/jalkõ, k-g gradation) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | vika | vigad |
genitive | viga | vikojõ, vikoi |
partitive | vikka | vikoitõ, vikoi |
illative | vikkasõ, vikka | vikoisõ |
inessive | vigaz | vikoiz |
elative | vigassõ | vikoissõ |
allative | vigalõ | vikoilõ |
adessive | vigallõ | vikoillõ |
ablative | vigaltõ | vikoiltõ |
translative | vigassi | vikoissi |
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive. |
References edit
- Hallap, V.; Adler, E.; Grünberg, S.; Leppik, M. (2012), “vika”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn
Xhosa edit
Etymology edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb edit
-vika?
- (transitive) to avoid
Inflection edit
This verb needs an inflection-table template.