warnen
German edit
Etymology edit
From Middle High German warnen (“to watch over, protect”), Old High German warnen (“to deny, refuse, decline”), from Proto-West Germanic *warnōn.
Cognate with Old Norse varna (“to refuse”), Old Saxon wernian (“to decline, withhold”), Old English wyrnan, English warn.[1]
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): /ˈvaʁnən/ (standard)
- IPA(key): /ˈvaːnən/, /ˈvaːnn̩/ (widespread, especially northern and central Germany)
Audio (Austria) (file)
Verb edit
warnen (weak, third-person singular present warnt, past tense warnte, past participle gewarnt, auxiliary haben)
- (transitive, with vor + dative) to warn, to caution, to admonish
- Kritiker warnen vor unabsehbaren Folgen für Gesundheit und Umwelt.
- Critics warn against the unpredictable impact on human health and the environment.
Conjugation edit
infinitive | warnen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | warnend | ||||
past participle | gewarnt | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich warne | wir warnen | i | ich warne | wir warnen |
du warnst | ihr warnt | du warnest | ihr warnet | ||
er warnt | sie warnen | er warne | sie warnen | ||
preterite | ich warnte | wir warnten | ii | ich warnte1 | wir warnten1 |
du warntest | ihr warntet | du warntest1 | ihr warntet1 | ||
er warnte | sie warnten | er warnte1 | sie warnten1 | ||
imperative | warn (du) warne (du) |
warnt (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
References edit
- ^ Friedrich Kluge (1883) “warnen”, in John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891
Further reading edit
Middle English edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Old English wearnian.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
warnen
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of warnen (weak in -ed)
1Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
Descendants edit
- English: warn