árpa
Hungarian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from a Turkic language before the times of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin (at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries), from Proto-Turkic *arpa. The sense “bacterial infection of the eye” is perhaps a calque of scientific Latin hordeolum (“stye”), from Latin hordeolus.[1][2]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
árpa (plural árpák)
Declension edit
| Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | árpa | árpák |
| accusative | árpát | árpákat |
| dative | árpának | árpáknak |
| instrumental | árpával | árpákkal |
| causal-final | árpáért | árpákért |
| translative | árpává | árpákká |
| terminative | árpáig | árpákig |
| essive-formal | árpaként | árpákként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | árpában | árpákban |
| superessive | árpán | árpákon |
| adessive | árpánál | árpáknál |
| illative | árpába | árpákba |
| sublative | árpára | árpákra |
| allative | árpához | árpákhoz |
| elative | árpából | árpákból |
| delative | árpáról | árpákról |
| ablative | árpától | árpáktól |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
árpáé | árpáké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
árpáéi | árpákéi |
| Possessive forms of árpa | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
| 1st person sing. | árpám | árpáim |
| 2nd person sing. | árpád | árpáid |
| 3rd person sing. | árpája | árpái |
| 1st person plural | árpánk | árpáink |
| 2nd person plural | árpátok | árpáitok |
| 3rd person plural | árpájuk | árpáik |
Derived terms edit
Compound words
References edit
- ^ árpa in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
- ^ árpa in Tótfalusi, István. Magyar etimológiai nagyszótár (’Hungarian Comprehensive Dictionary of Etymology’). Budapest: Arcanum Adatbázis, 2001; Arcanum DVD Könyvtár →ISBN
Further reading edit
- árpa in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- árpa in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)
Northern Sami edit
Etymology edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
árpa
Inflection edit
| Even a-stem, rp-rpp gradation | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | árpa | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Genitive | árppa | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Singular | Plural | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Nominative | árpa | árppat | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Accusative | árppa | árppaid | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Genitive | árppa | árppaid | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Illative | árpii | árppaide | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Locative | árppas | árppain | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Comitative | árppain | árppaiguin | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Essive | árpan | |||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||
Further reading edit
- Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages[1], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland
Romani edit
Noun edit
árpa f