Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/arpa

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic edit

Etymology edit

Possibly borrowed from Northeastern Iranian,[1][2] from Proto-Iranian *Hr̥pā́š (barley), or perhaps Tocharian,[3] both from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élbʰit. Alternatively from *ar- (to multiply oneself, be numerous), whence Old Turkic [script needed] (arka, multitude, crowd).[4] The term appears to be related to Proto-Mongolic *arbaï (barley) as well, possibly through borrowing. Compare also Mongolian арвай (arvaj), Dongxiang apa.[5][6]

Noun edit

*arpa[7][2]

  1. barley

Declension edit

Descendants edit

  • Oghur:
    • Chuvash: урпа (urp̬a)
  • Common Turkic: *arpa

See also edit

Foods - *yẹ̄miĺčler, *yẹ̄miĺčsāyïn
 
Barley
barley: *arpa
 
Pea
beans, peas: *burčak
 
Wheat
farro, wheat: *bugday
 
Jujube
jujube: *yidge
 
Strawberry
strawberry: *yidgelek
 
Apple
apple: *almïla
 
Hazelnuts
hazelnut: *bōńurï
 
Walnuts
walnut: *yaŋgak
 
Honey
honey: *bạl
 
Millet
millet: *tạrïg
 
Onion
onion: *sōgun
 
Salt
salt: *tūŕ
 
Egg
egg: *yumurtka
 
Butter
butter: *yāg
 
Mushroom
mushroom: *kömbe
 
Radish
radish: *turp, *turma
 
Carrot
carrot: *turma

Further reading edit

  • Hyllested, Adam (2014) Word Exchange at the Gates of Europe: Five Millennia of Language Contact[4], Copenhagen: University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Humanities, pages 32-33

References edit

  1. ^ Jokl, Norbert (1911) Studien zur albanesischen Etymologie und Wortbildung (Sitzungsberichte der Philosophisch-Historischen Klasse der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften; 168) (in German), Vienna: A. Hölder, page 90
  2. 2.0 2.1 Dybo, Anna (2014), “Early contacts of Turks and problems of Proto-Turkic reconstruction”, in Tatarica[1], volume 2, page 9
  3. ^ Clauson, Gerard (1972), “?F arpa”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 198b
  4. ^ Tatarincev, B. I. (2000–2008), “Proto-Turkic/arpa”, in Monguš D. A., editor, Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tuvinskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Tuvan Language] (in Russian), Novosibirsk: Nauka
  5. ^ Tokat, Feyza (2014), “On the Common Words in Mongolian and the Turkish Dialects in Turkey”, in The Journal of International Social Research (Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi)[2], volume 7, issue 32, →ISSN, pages 185-198.
  6. ^ Nugteren, Hans (2011) Mongolic phonology and the Qinghai-Gansu languages (dissertation)‎[3], Utrecht: LOT
  7. ^ Tenišev E. R., editor (2001), “*arpa”, in Sravnitelʹno-istoričeskaja grammatika tjurkskix jazykov: Leksika [Comparative Historical Grammar of Turkic Languages: Lexis] (in Russian), volume IV, Moscow: Nauka, pages 460-461