βραχίων

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From βρᾰχῠ́ς (brăkhŭ́s, “short”) +‎ -ίων (-íōn), because the upper arm is shorter than the forearm.

Pronunciation

For the noun, and for the adjective in Attic:

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /bra.kʰǐː.ɔːn/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /braˈkʰi.on/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /βraˈçi.on/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /vraˈçi.on/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /vraˈçi.on/

For the adjective in Ionic:

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /bra.kʰí.ɔːn/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /braˈkʰi.on/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /βraˈçi.on/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /vraˈçi.on/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /vraˈçi.on/

Noun

βρᾰχῑ́ων • (brăkhī́ōn) m (genitive βρᾰχῑ́ονος); third declension

Inflection

Third declension of ὁ βρᾰχῑ́ων; τοῦ βρᾰχῑ́ονος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ βρᾰχῑ́ων ho brăkhī́ōn	τὼ βρᾰχῑ́ονε tṑ brăkhī́one	οἱ βρᾰχῑ́ονες hoi brăkhī́ones
Genitive	τοῦ βρᾰχῑ́ονος toû brăkhī́onos	τοῖν βρᾰχῑόνοιν toîn brăkhīónoin	τῶν βρᾰχῑόνων tôn brăkhīónōn
Dative	τῷ βρᾰχῑ́ονῐ tôi brăkhī́onĭ	τοῖν βρᾰχῑόνοιν toîn brăkhīónoin	τοῖς βρᾰχῑ́οσῐ / βρᾰχῑ́οσῐν toîs brăkhī́osĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸν βρᾰχῑ́ονᾰ tòn brăkhī́onă	τὼ βρᾰχῑ́ονε tṑ brăkhī́one	τοὺς βρᾰχῑ́ονᾰς toùs brăkhī́onăs
Vocative	βρᾰχῖον brăkhîon	βρᾰχῑ́ονε brăkhī́one	βρᾰχῑ́ονες brăkhī́ones
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

πρυμνὸς βρᾰχῑ́ων (prumnòs brăkhī́ōn, “shoulder”)

Descendants

→ Latin: bracchium (see there for further descendants)
Translingual: ⇒ Eubrachion, → Brachionus

Adjective

βρᾰχίων • (brăkhíōn) m or f (neuter βρᾰχίον); third declension

comparative degree of βρᾰχῠ́ς (brăkhŭ́s): shorter

Declension

Third declension of βρᾰχῑ́ων; βρᾰχῖον (Attic)

Number	Singular		Dual		Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	βρᾰχῑ́ων brăkhī́ōn	βρᾰχῖον brăkhîon	βρᾰχῑ́ονε brăkhī́one	βρᾰχῑ́ονε brăkhī́one	βρᾰχῑ́ονες / βρᾰχῑ́ους brăkhī́ones / brăkhī́ous	βρᾰχῑ́ονᾰ / βρᾰχῑ́ω brăkhī́onă / brăkhī́ō
Genitive	βρᾰχῑ́ονος brăkhī́onos	βρᾰχῑ́ονος brăkhī́onos	βρᾰχῑόνοιν brăkhīónoin	βρᾰχῑόνοιν brăkhīónoin	βρᾰχῑόνων brăkhīónōn	βρᾰχῑόνων brăkhīónōn
Dative	βρᾰχῑ́ονῐ brăkhī́onĭ	βρᾰχῑ́ονῐ brăkhī́onĭ	βρᾰχῑόνοιν brăkhīónoin	βρᾰχῑόνοιν brăkhīónoin	βρᾰχῑ́οσῐ / βρᾰχῑ́οσῐν brăkhī́osĭ(n)	βρᾰχῑ́οσῐ / βρᾰχῑ́οσῐν brăkhī́osĭ(n)
Accusative	βρᾰχῑ́ονᾰ / βρᾰχῑ́ω brăkhī́onă / brăkhī́ō	βρᾰχῖον brăkhîon	βρᾰχῑ́ονε brăkhī́one	βρᾰχῑ́ονε brăkhī́one	βρᾰχῑ́ονᾰς / βρᾰχῑ́ους brăkhī́onăs / brăkhī́ous	βρᾰχῑ́ονᾰ / βρᾰχῑ́ω brăkhī́onă / brăkhī́ō
Vocative	βρᾰχῖον brăkhîon	βρᾰχῖον brăkhîon	βρᾰχῑ́ονε brăkhī́one	βρᾰχῑ́ονε brăkhī́one	βρᾰχῑ́ονες / βρᾰχῑ́ους brăkhī́ones / brăkhī́ous	βρᾰχῑ́ονᾰ / βρᾰχῑ́ω brăkhī́onă / brăkhī́ō
Derived forms	Adverb		Comparative		Superlative
Derived forms	βρᾰχῖον brăkhîon		—		—
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of βρᾰχῐ́ων; βρᾰχῐ́ον (Ionic)

Number	Singular		Dual		Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	βρᾰχῐ́ων brăkhĭ́ōn	βρᾰχῐ́ον brăkhĭ́on	βρᾰχῐ́ονε brăkhĭ́one	βρᾰχῐ́ονε brăkhĭ́one	βρᾰχῐ́ονες brăkhĭ́ones	βρᾰχῐ́ονᾰ brăkhĭ́onă
Genitive	βρᾰχῐ́ονος brăkhĭ́onos	βρᾰχῐ́ονος brăkhĭ́onos	βρᾰχῐόνοιν brăkhĭónoin	βρᾰχῐόνοιν brăkhĭónoin	βρᾰχῐόνων brăkhĭónōn	βρᾰχῐόνων brăkhĭónōn
Dative	βρᾰχῐ́ονῐ brăkhĭ́onĭ	βρᾰχῐ́ονῐ brăkhĭ́onĭ	βρᾰχῐόνοιν brăkhĭónoin	βρᾰχῐόνοιν brăkhĭónoin	βρᾰχῐ́οσῐ / βρᾰχῐ́οσῐν brăkhĭ́osĭ(n)	βρᾰχῐ́οσῐ / βρᾰχῐ́οσῐν brăkhĭ́osĭ(n)
Accusative	βρᾰχῐ́ονᾰ brăkhĭ́onă	βρᾰχῐ́ον brăkhĭ́on	βρᾰχῐ́ονε brăkhĭ́one	βρᾰχῐ́ονε brăkhĭ́one	βρᾰχῐ́ονᾰς brăkhĭ́onăs	βρᾰχῐ́ονᾰ brăkhĭ́onă
Vocative	βρᾰχῐ́ον brăkhĭ́on	βρᾰχῐ́ον brăkhĭ́on	βρᾰχῐ́ονε brăkhĭ́one	βρᾰχῐ́ονε brăkhĭ́one	βρᾰχῐ́ονες brăkhĭ́ones	βρᾰχῐ́ονᾰ brăkhĭ́onă
Derived forms	Adverb		Comparative		Superlative
Derived forms	βρᾰχῐ́ον brăkhĭ́on		—		—
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

“βρᾰχίων”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press (noun)
“βρᾰχίων”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press (adjective)
“βραχίων”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
“βραχίων”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
βραχίων in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
βραχίων in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
βραχίων in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
G1023 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
βραχίων in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 40
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “βραχίων, -ονος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 236