βραχίων

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From βρᾰχῠ́ς (brakhús, “short”) +‎ -ίων (-íōn), because the upper arm is shorter than the forearm.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /bra.kʰǐː.ɔːn/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /braˈkʰi.on/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /βraˈçi.on/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /vraˈçi.on/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /vraˈçi.on/

Noun

βρᾰχῑ́ων • (brakhī́ōn) m (genitive βρᾰχῑ́ονος); third declension

the (upper) arm, the shoulder
(poetic) a symbol of strength

Inflection

Third declension of ὁ βρᾰχῑ́ων; τοῦ βρᾰχῑ́ονος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ βρᾰχῑ́ων ho brakhī́ōn	τὼ βρᾰχῑ́ονε tṑ brakhī́one	οἱ βρᾰχῑ́ονες hoi brakhī́ones
Genitive	τοῦ βρᾰχῑ́ονος toû brakhī́onos	τοῖν βρᾰχῑόνοιν toîn brakhīónoin	τῶν βρᾰχῑόνων tôn brakhīónōn
Dative	τῷ βρᾰχῑ́ονῐ tôi brakhī́oni	τοῖν βρᾰχῑόνοιν toîn brakhīónoin	τοῖς βρᾰχῑ́οσῐ / βρᾰχῑ́οσῐν toîs brakhī́osi(n)
Accusative	τὸν βρᾰχῑ́ονᾰ tòn brakhī́ona	τὼ βρᾰχῑ́ονε tṑ brakhī́one	τοὺς βρᾰχῑ́ονᾰς toùs brakhī́onas
Vocative	βρᾰχῖον brakhîon	βρᾰχῑ́ονε brakhī́one	βρᾰχῑ́ονες brakhī́ones
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

πρυμνὸς βρᾰχῑ́ων (prumnòs brakhī́ōn, “shoulder”)

Descendants

Latin: bracchium

Adjective

βρᾰχίων • (brakhíōn) m or f (neuter βρᾰχίον); third declension

comparative degree of βρᾰχῠ́ς (brakhús): shorter

Declension

Third declension of βρᾰχίων; βρᾰχίον (Attic)

Number	Singular		Dual		Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	βρᾰχίων brakhíōn	βρᾰχίον brakhíon	βρᾰχίονε brakhíone	βρᾰχίονε brakhíone	βρᾰχίονες / βρᾰχίους brakhíones / brakhíous	βρᾰχίονᾰ / βρᾰχίω brakhíona / brakhíō
Genitive	βρᾰχίονος brakhíonos	βρᾰχίονος brakhíonos	βρᾰχιόνοιν brakhiónoin	βρᾰχιόνοιν brakhiónoin	βρᾰχιόνων brakhiónōn	βρᾰχιόνων brakhiónōn
Dative	βρᾰχίονῐ brakhíoni	βρᾰχίονῐ brakhíoni	βρᾰχιόνοιν brakhiónoin	βρᾰχιόνοιν brakhiónoin	βρᾰχίοσῐ / βρᾰχίοσῐν brakhíosi(n)	βρᾰχίοσῐ / βρᾰχίοσῐν brakhíosi(n)
Accusative	βρᾰχίονᾰ / βρᾰχίω brakhíona / brakhíō	βρᾰχίον brakhíon	βρᾰχίονε brakhíone	βρᾰχίονε brakhíone	βρᾰχίονᾰς / βρᾰχίους brakhíonas / brakhíous	βρᾰχίονᾰ / βρᾰχίω brakhíona / brakhíō
Vocative	βρᾰχίον brakhíon	βρᾰχίον brakhíon	βρᾰχίονε brakhíone	βρᾰχίονε brakhíone	βρᾰχίονες / βρᾰχίους brakhíones / brakhíous	βρᾰχίονᾰ / βρᾰχίω brakhíona / brakhíō
Derived forms	Adverb		Comparative		Superlative
Derived forms	βρᾰχίον brakhíon		—		—
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

“βρᾰχίων”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press (noun)
“βρᾰχίων”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press (adjective)
“βραχίων”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
“βραχίων”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
βραχίων in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
βραχίων in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
βραχίων in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
G1023 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
βραχίων in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 40
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “βραχίων, -ονος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 236