δέκα

Ancient Greek

Ancient Greek numbers ^(edit)

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Cardinal: δέκᾰ (dékă)     Ordinal: δέκᾰτος (dékătos)     Adverbial: δεκᾰ́κῐς (dekắkĭs)     Collective: δεκᾰ́ς (dekắs)

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *dékə, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥. Cognates include Sanskrit दश (dáśa), Latin decem, Old Armenian տասն (tasn) and Old English tīen (English ten).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /dé.ka/ → /ˈðe.ka/ → /ˈðe.ka/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /dé.ka/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈde.ka/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈðe.ka/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈðe.ka/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈðe.ka/

Numeral

δέκᾰ • (dékă) (ordinal δέκᾰτος, adverbial δεκᾰ́κῐς)

1. ten

Derived terms

• δυοκαίδεκα (duokaídeka)
• τεσσᾰρεσκαίδεκᾰ (tessăreskaídekă)

Descendants

• Greek: δέκα (déka)
• Mariupol Greek: дъэ́ка (ðéka), дъе́ка (ðjéka)
• → English: deca-

References

• “δέκᾰ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “δέκα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “δέκα”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• δέκα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• δέκα in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• δέκα in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
• “δέκα”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G1176 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • ten idem, page 860.

Greek

Greek cardinal numbers

<  θ΄	ι΄	ια΄  >
Cardinal : δέκα (déka)     Ordinal : δέκατος (dékatos)

Etymology

From Ancient Greek δέκα (déka), from Proto-Hellenic *dékə, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥.

Cognate with Mariupol Greek дъэ́ка (ðéka), дъе́ка (ðjéka).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈðe.ka/
• Hyphenation: δέ‧κα

Numeral

δέκα • (déka) (invariable)

1. ten

Coordinate terms

• Greek number and measurement

Related terms

• αποδεκατίζω (apodekatízo, “to decimate”)
• δεκάδα f (dekáda, “decade, group of ten units”)
• δεκαδικός (dekadikós, “decimal”, adjective)
• δεκάδραχμος (dekádrachmos, “ten drachmas worth”, adjective)
• δεκαετία f (dekaetía, “decade, ten years”)
• δεκαήμερο n (dekaḯmero, “ten days”)
• δεκάλεπτο n (dekálepto, “ten cent coin”)
• δεκάλεπτος (dekáleptos, “ten minutes”, adjective)
• δεκάλογος m (dekálogos, “decalogue”)
• δεκαπλασιάζω (dekaplasiázo, “to decuple”)
• δεκαπλάσιος (dekaplásios)
• δεκαπλάσιος (dekaplásios, “tenfold”, adjective)
• δεκάρα (dekára, “ten lepta, ten cents”)
• δέκατο (dékato)
• δέκατος (dékatos, “tenth”, numeral)
• Ι΄ (“ten”, numeral)

Further reading

• δέκα, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language