σάκχαρ
Ancient Greek edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Pali sakkharā, from Sanskrit शर्करा (śárkarā, “grit, gravel; ground or candied sugar”).
Pronunciation edit
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /sákʰ.kʰar/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈsak.kʰar/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈsak.xar/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈsak.xar/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈsak.xar/
Noun edit
σᾰ́κχαρ • (sákkhar) n (genitive σᾰ́κχαρος); third declension
Inflection edit
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | τὸ σᾰ́κχαρ tò sákkhar |
τὼ σᾰ́κχαρε tṑ sákkhare |
τᾰ̀ σᾰ́κχαρᾰ tà sákkhara | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ σᾰ́κχαρος toû sákkharos |
τοῖν σᾰκχάροιν toîn sakkhároin |
τῶν σᾰκχάρων tôn sakkhárōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ σᾰ́κχαρῐ tôi sákkhari |
τοῖν σᾰκχάροιν toîn sakkhároin |
τοῖς σᾰ́κχαρσῐ / σᾰ́κχαρσῐν toîs sákkharsi(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸ σᾰ́κχαρ tò sákkhar |
τὼ σᾰ́κχαρε tṑ sákkhare |
τᾰ̀ σᾰ́κχαρᾰ tà sákkhara | ||||||||||
Vocative | σᾰ́κχαρ sákkhar |
σᾰ́κχαρε sákkhare |
σᾰ́κχαρᾰ sákkhara | ||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | τὸ σᾰ́κχαρ tò sákkhar |
τὼ σᾰ́κχαρε tṑ sákkhare |
τᾰ̀ σᾰ́κχαρᾰ tà sákkhara | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ σᾰ́κχαρος toû sákkharos |
τοῖν σᾰκχάροιν toîn sakkhároin |
τῶν σᾰκχάρων tôn sakkhárōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ σᾰ́κχαρῐ tôi sákkhari |
τοῖν σᾰκχάροιν toîn sakkhároin |
τοῖς σᾰ́κχαρσῐ / σᾰ́κχαρσῐν toîs sákkharsi(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸ σᾰ́κχαρ tò sákkhar |
τὼ σᾰ́κχαρε tṑ sákkhare |
τᾰ̀ σᾰ́κχαρᾰ tà sákkhara | ||||||||||
Vocative | σᾰ́κχαρ sákkhar |
σᾰ́κχαρε sákkhare |
σᾰ́κχαρᾰ sákkhara | ||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Descendants edit
- Byzantine Greek: ζάχαρις (zákharis)
- → Coptic: ⲍⲁⲭⲣⲓ (zakhri)
- → Latin: saccharon
- New Latin: saccharum (see there for further descendants)
- → Old East Slavic: сахаръ (saxarŭ)
References edit
- “σάκχαρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- σάκχαρ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN