σαθρός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

The etymology is uncertain. Maybe related to σήθω (sḗthō, “to sift, bolt”) or perhaps a contamination of σαπρός (saprós, “rotten”) with an unknown word. Furnée connects it with ψαθυρός (psathurós, “brittle”) and concludes that the word is from Pre-Greek.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /sa.tʰrós/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /saˈtʰros/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /saˈθros/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /saˈθros/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /saˈθros/

Adjective

σαθρός • (sathrós) m (feminine σαθρᾱ́, neuter σαθρόν); first/second declension

unsound, diseased
impotent
cracked (of a vessel)

Inflection

First and second declension of σαθρός; σαθρᾱ́; σαθρόν (Attic)

Number	Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	σαθρός sathrós	σαθρᾱ́ sathrā́	σαθρόν sathrón	σαθρώ sathrṓ	σαθρᾱ́ sathrā́	σαθρώ sathrṓ	σαθροί sathroí	σαθραί sathraí	σαθρᾰ́ sathrá
Genitive	σαθροῦ sathroû	σαθρᾶς sathrâs	σαθροῦ sathroû	σαθροῖν sathroîn	σαθραῖν sathraîn	σαθροῖν sathroîn	σαθρῶν sathrôn	σαθρῶν sathrôn	σαθρῶν sathrôn
Dative	σαθρῷ sathrôi	σαθρᾷ sathrâi	σαθρῷ sathrôi	σαθροῖν sathroîn	σαθραῖν sathraîn	σαθροῖν sathroîn	σαθροῖς sathroîs	σαθραῖς sathraîs	σαθροῖς sathroîs
Accusative	σαθρόν sathrón	σαθρᾱ́ν sathrā́n	σαθρόν sathrón	σαθρώ sathrṓ	σαθρᾱ́ sathrā́	σαθρώ sathrṓ	σαθρούς sathroús	σαθρᾱ́ς sathrā́s	σαθρᾰ́ sathrá
Vocative	σαθρέ sathré	σαθρᾱ́ sathrā́	σαθρόν sathrón	σαθρώ sathrṓ	σαθρᾱ́ sathrā́	σαθρώ sathrṓ	σαθροί sathroí	σαθραί sathraí	σαθρᾰ́ sathrá
Derived forms	Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
Derived forms	σαθρῶς sathrôs			σαθρότερος sathróteros			σαθρότᾰτος sathrótatos
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

σαθρότης (sathrótēs)
σαθρόω (sathróō)
σάθρωμα (sáthrōma)
σάθρωσις (sáthrōsis)