χρυσόνωτος

Ancient Greek

FWOTD – 12 March 2018

Etymology

χρῡσός (khrūsós, “gold”) +‎ νῶτον (nôton, “back”, metaphorically “any wide surface”) +‎ -ος (-os, suffix forming second-declension adjectives)

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kʰryː.só.nɔː.tos/ → /xryˈso.no.tos/ → /xriˈso.no.tos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kʰryː.só.nɔː.tos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kʰryˈso.no.tos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /xryˈso.no.tos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /xryˈso.no.tos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /xriˈso.no.tos/

Adjective

χρῡσόνωτος • (khrūsónōtos) m or f (neuter χρῡσόνωτον); second declension

1. with a golden back or surface
   • 442 BCE – 441 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 845–849:

     σὺ δ’, ὦ τὸν αἰπὺν οὐρανὸν διφρηλατῶν
     Ἥλιε, πατρῴαν τὴν ἐμὴν ὅταν χθόνα
     ἴδῃς, ἐπισχὼν χρυσόνωτον ἡνίαν
     ἄγγειλον ἄτας τὰς ἐμὰς μόρον τ’ ἐμὸν
     γέροντι πατρὶ τῇ τε δυστήνῳ τροφῷ.

     sù d’, ô tòn aipùn ouranòn diphrēlatôn
     Hḗlie, patrṓian tḕn emḕn hótan khthóna
     ídēis, episkhṑn khrusónōton hēnían
     ángeilon átas tàs emàs móron t’ emòn
     géronti patrì têi te dustḗnōi trophôi.

     • 1893 translation by Richard Claverhouse Jebb

       And you, Helios, whose chariot-wheels climb the steep sky, when you see the land of my fathers, draw in your rein spread with gold and tell my disasters and my fate to my aged father and to the unhappy woman who nursed me.

Declension

Second declension of χρῡσόνωτος; χρῡσόνωτον (Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		χρῡσόνωτος khrūsónōtos	χρῡσόνωτον khrūsónōton		χρῡσονώτω khrūsonṓtō	χρῡσονώτω khrūsonṓtō		χρῡσόνωτοι khrūsónōtoi	χρῡσόνωτᾰ khrūsónōta
Genitive		χρῡσονώτου khrūsonṓtou	χρῡσονώτου khrūsonṓtou		χρῡσονώτοιν khrūsonṓtoin	χρῡσονώτοιν khrūsonṓtoin		χρῡσονώτων khrūsonṓtōn	χρῡσονώτων khrūsonṓtōn
Dative		χρῡσονώτῳ khrūsonṓtōi	χρῡσονώτῳ khrūsonṓtōi		χρῡσονώτοιν khrūsonṓtoin	χρῡσονώτοιν khrūsonṓtoin		χρῡσονώτοις khrūsonṓtois	χρῡσονώτοις khrūsonṓtois
Accusative		χρῡσόνωτον khrūsónōton	χρῡσόνωτον khrūsónōton		χρῡσονώτω khrūsonṓtō	χρῡσονώτω khrūsonṓtō		χρῡσονώτους khrūsonṓtous	χρῡσόνωτᾰ khrūsónōta
Vocative		χρῡσόνωτε khrūsónōte	χρῡσόνωτον khrūsónōton		χρῡσονώτω khrūsonṓtō	χρῡσονώτω khrūsonṓtō		χρῡσόνωτοι khrūsónōtoi	χρῡσόνωτᾰ khrūsónōta
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		χρῡσονώτως khrūsonṓtōs			χρῡσονωτότερος khrūsonōtóteros			χρῡσονωτότᾰτος khrūsonōtótatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• Latin: chrȳsonōtus

References

• “χρῡσόνωτος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press