карандаш
BelarusianEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowing from a Turkic language.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
каранда́ш • (karandáš) m inan (genitive карандаша́, nominative plural карандашы́, genitive plural карандашо́ў)
DeclensionEdit
Declension of каранда́ш (inan hard masc-form accent-b)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | каранда́ш karandáš |
карандашы́ karandašý |
| genitive | карандаша́ karandašá |
карандашо́ў karandašóŭ |
| dative | карандашу́ karandašú |
карандаша́м karandašám |
| accusative | каранда́ш karandáš |
карандашы́ karandašý |
| instrumental | карандашо́м karandašóm |
карандаша́мі karandašámi |
| locative | карандашы́ karandašý |
карандаша́х karandašáx |
| count form | — | карандашы́1 karandašý1 |
1Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.
ReferencesEdit
- “карандаш” in Belarusian-Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org
RussianEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- каранда́шъ (karandáš) – Pre-reform orthography (1918)
EtymologyEdit
In Russian from the 16–17th centuries. Borrowing from a Turkic language. Compare Turkish karataş (“black slate”), composed of kara (“black”) + taş (“stone”), Tatar кара таш (qara taş, “graphite, black lead”). The origin of epenthetic -н- (-n-) is unclear. Compare каланча́ (kalančá) for the same epenthesis.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
каранда́ш • (karandáš) m inan (genitive карандаша́, nominative plural карандаши́, genitive plural карандаше́й, related adjective каранда́шный, diminutive каранда́шик)
- pencil
- У тебя́ есть каранда́ш? ― U tebjá jestʹ karandáš? ― Do you have a pencil?
DeclensionEdit
Declension of каранда́ш (inan masc-form sibilant-stem accent-b)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | каранда́ш karandáš |
карандаши́ karandaší |
| genitive | карандаша́ karandašá |
карандаше́й karandašéj |
| dative | карандашу́ karandašú |
карандаша́м karandašám |
| accusative | каранда́ш karandáš |
карандаши́ karandaší |
| instrumental | карандашо́м karandašóm |
карандаша́ми karandašámi |
| prepositional | карандаше́ karandašé |
карандаша́х karandašáx |
DescendantsEdit
- → Kazakh: қарындаш (qarındaş)
- → Kildin Sami: карндашш (karndašš)
- → Ingrian: krantossi
- → Skolt Sami: karndaš
ReferencesEdit
- Vasmer, Max (1967), “карандаш”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 2, translated from German and supplemented by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress, page 192
- Chernykh, Pavel (1999), “карандаш”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1, 3rd reprint edition, Moscow: Russian Language, page 379
- Šapošnikov, A. K. (2010), “карандаш”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ sovremennovo russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Contemporary Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1, Moscow: Flinta; Nauka, page 379