карандаш

Belarusian

падборка каляровых карандашоў

Alternative forms

• karandasz, karandaš — Łacinka (Belarusian Latin alphabet)

Etymology

Ultimately from a Turkic language.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [karanˈdaʂ]
• Rhymes: -aʂ
• Hyphenation: ка‧ран‧даш

Noun

каранда́ш • (karandáš) m inan (genitive карандаша́, nominative plural карандашы́, genitive plural карандашо́ў, relational adjective каранда́шны)

1. pencil (a device for writing, sketching, drawing in the form of a thin stick with a graphite or other core)

   Synonym: ало́вак (alóvak)

Declension

Declension of каранда́ш (inan hard masc-form accent-b)

	singular	plural
nominative	каранда́ш karandáš	карандашы́ karandašý
genitive	карандаша́ karandašá	карандашо́ў karandašóŭ
dative	карандашу́ karandašú	карандаша́м karandašám
accusative	каранда́ш karandáš	карандашы́ karandašý
instrumental	карандашо́м karandašóm	карандаша́мі karandašámi
locative	карандашы́ karandašý	карандаша́х karandašáx
count form	—	карандашы́1 karandašý1

¹Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

References

• “карандаш”, in Skarnik's Belarusian dictionary (in Belarusian), based on Kandrat Krapiva's Explanatory Dictionary of the Belarusian Language (1977-1984)
• “карандаш” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

Russian

Alternative forms

• каранда́шъ (karandáš) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

Etymology

In Russian from the 16–17th centuries. Borrowing from a Turkic language. Compare Turkish karataş (“black slate”), composed of kara (“black”) + taş (“stone”), Tatar кара таш (qara taş, “graphite, black lead”). The origin of epenthetic -н- (-n-) is unclear. Compare каланча́ (kalančá) for the same epenthesis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kərɐnˈdaʂ]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aʂ

Noun

каранда́ш • (karandáš) m inan (genitive карандаша́, nominative plural карандаши́, genitive plural карандаше́й, relational adjective каранда́шный, diminutive каранда́шик)

1. pencil

   У тебя́ есть каранда́ш? ― U tebjá jestʹ karandáš? ― Do you have a pencil?

2. (uncountable) pencil marks, pencil drawing
3. (by extension) stick (a small, thin cylinder of some material)

   кле́ящий каранда́ш ― kléjaščij karandáš ― glue stick

   ля́писный каранда́ш ― ljápisnyj karandáš ― silver nitrate caustic stick

Declension

Declension of каранда́ш (inan masc-form sibilant-stem accent-b) 

	singular	plural
nominative	каранда́ш karandáš	карандаши́ karandaší
genitive	карандаша́ karandašá	карандаше́й karandašéj
dative	карандашу́ karandašú	карандаша́м karandašám
accusative	каранда́ш karandáš	карандаши́ karandaší
instrumental	карандашо́м karandašóm	карандаша́ми karandašámi
prepositional	карандаше́ karandašé	карандаша́х karandašáx

Derived terms

• каранда́шница f (karandášnica)

Compounds:

• брать на каранда́ш impf (bratʹ na karandáš), взять на каранда́ш pf (vzjatʹ na karandáš)

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: karandaş
• → Chuvash: кӑранташ (kărant̬aš)
• → Ingrian: krandošši, krantossi, krandašši
• → Kazakh: қарындаш (qaryndaş)
• → Korean: 가름다시 (gareumdasi) (Yukjin)
• → Mongolian: харандаа (xarandaa)
  • * → Kalmyk: харнда (xarnda)
• → Kildin Sami: карндашш (karndašš)
• → Skolt Sami: karndaš
• → Southern Altai: карандаш (karandaš)
• → Yakut: харандаас (qarandaas)
• → Yup'ik: kalantaassaq

See also

кара- (black):

• караку́рт m anim (karakúrt)
• карамульту́к m (karamulʹtúk)
• ка́рий (kárij)

instruments:

• ла́стик m (lástik), стира́тельная рези́нка f (stirátelʹnaja rezínka), стира́шка f (stiráška)
• точи́лка f (točílka)

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “карандаш”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999) “карандаш”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 379
• Shaposhnikov, A. K. (2010) “карандаш”, in Этимологический словарь современного русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Contemporary Russian Language] (in Russian), volumes 1: (А – Начальство), Moscow: Flinta; Nauka, →ISBN, page 379

Further reading

• Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882) “карандаш”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.

Southern Altai

Etymology

From Russian карандаш (karandaš).

Noun

карандаш • (karandaš)

1. pencil

References

* Теленет тили Телеутский Язык -Токмашев (11 pages)