שבט

See also: שבֿט

Aramaic

Etymology

From Akkadian 𒌚𒀾 (Šabāṭum, literally “month of wheat”).

Proper noun

שְׁבָט • (šəḇāṭ) m

1. February
2. Shevat

Descendants

• Classical Syriac: ܫܒܛ (šḇāṭ)
  • Arabic: شباط (šubāṭ)
    • Turkish: şubat (šubat)
• Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܫܒ݂ܵܛ (šwāṭ)
• Turoyo: ܐܷܫܘܷܛ (ëšwëṭ)

References

• Jastrow, Marcus (1903) A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature, London, New York: Luzac & Co., G.P. Putnam's Sons, page 1513

Hebrew

Etymology 1

Root
שׁ־ב־ט (š-b-ṭ)

From Proto-Semitic *šabṭ-.

Noun

שֵׁבֶט • (shévet) m (plural indefinite שְׁבָטִים, plural construct שִׁבְטֵי־) [pattern: קֵטֶל]

1. tribe
2. a wand, a staff; a swatting rod. cattle prod or a shepherd's crook.
   • גַּם כִּי אֵלֵךְ בְּגֵיא צַלְמָוֶת לֹא אִירָא רָע כִּי אַתָּה עִמָּדִי שִׁבְטְךָ וּמִשְׁעַנְתֶּךָ הֵמָּה יְנַחֲמֻנִי (Psalms 23, v. 4)

Synonyms

• (biblical) מַטֶּה (maté)

Derived terms

• שִׁבְטִי

Etymology 2

From Akkadian 𒌚𒀾 (Šabāṭum, literally “month of wheat (i.e. the start of harvest season)”).

Proper noun

שְׁבָט • (sh'vát)

1. Shevat (eleventh month)
   • Tanach, Zephaniah 1:7, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

     בְּיוֹם עֶשְׂרִים וְאַרְבָּעָה לְעַשְׁתֵּי־עָשָׂר חֹדֶשׁ הוּא־חֹדֶשׁ שְׁבָט בִּשְׁנַת שְׁתַּיִם לְדָרְיָוֶשׁ הָיָה דְבַר־יְהֹוָה אֶל־זְכַרְיָה בֶּן־בֶּרֶכְיָהוּ בֶּן־עִדּוֹא הַנָּבִיא לֵאמֹר׃

     B-yóm 'esrím v-arba'á l-'ashtéi 'asár ḥódesh hu ḥódesh Shvaṭ bi-shnat shtáyim l-Daryávesh hayá dvár Zkharyá ben Berekhyáhu ben 'Iddó ha-navi lemór—

     Upon the four and twentieth day of the eleventh month, which is the month Shebat, in the second year of Darius, came the word of the LORD unto Zechariah the son of Berechiah, the son of Iddo, the prophet, saying—

   • a. 217 C.E., Mishnah, Rosh Hashanah 1:1:

     בְּאֶחָד בִּשְׁבָט, רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה לָאִילָן, כְּדִבְרֵי בֵית שַׁמַּאי. בֵּית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים, בַּחֲמִשָּׁה עָשָׂר בּוֹ:

     B-eḥad bi-Shváṭ, rosh ha-shaná la-ilán, k-divréi veit Shammái. Beit Hillél omrím, ba-ḥamishá 'asár bo.

     On the first of Shevat is the new year for trees, according to the school of Shammai. The school of Hillel say, on the fifteenth of it.

1. • a. 500 C.E., Babylonian Talmud, Eruvin 7a:

     מַעֲשֶׂה בְּרַבִּי עֲקִיבָא שֶׁלִּיקֵּט אֶתְרוֹג בְּאֶחָד בִּשְׁבָט, וְנָהַג בּוֹ שְׁנֵי עִישּׂוּרִין.

     Ma'asé b-rabbí Aqivá she-liqqét etróg b-eḥád bi-shváṭ, v-nahág bo shnéi 'issurín.

     Once Rabbi Akiva picked a citron on the first of Shevat, and took two tithes from it.

See also

• (Hebrew calendar months) תשרי, חשוון, כסלו, טבת, שבט, אדר, ניסן, אייר, סיוון, תמוז, אב, אלול ^{(Category: he:Hebrew calendar months)}

Etymology 3

Verb

שִׁבֵּט • (shibét) third-singular masculine past (pi'el construction)

1. defective spelling of שיבט

References

• “שבט” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language

Further reading

• שבט on the Hebrew Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^he