بقال

See also: تقال and ثقال

Arabic

Etymology

Occupational noun from the root ب ق ل (b q l) of بَقْل (baql, “vegetables, greens”).

Noun

بَقَّال • (baqqāl) m (plural بَقَّالُون (baqqālūn), feminine بَقَّالَة (baqqāla))

1. greengrocer
2. grocer
3. oil merchant
4. innkeeper

Declension

Declension of noun بَقَّال (baqqāl)

Singular	Masculine			Feminine
	basic singular triptote			singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بَقَّال baqqāl	الْبَقَّال al-baqqāl	بَقَّال baqqāl	بَقَّالَة baqqāla	الْبَقَّالَة al-baqqāla	بَقَّالَة baqqālat
Nominative	بَقَّالٌ baqqālun	الْبَقَّالُ al-baqqālu	بَقَّالُ baqqālu	بَقَّالَةٌ baqqālatun	الْبَقَّالَةُ al-baqqālatu	بَقَّالَةُ baqqālatu
Accusative	بَقَّالًا baqqālan	الْبَقَّالَ al-baqqāla	بَقَّالَ baqqāla	بَقَّالَةً baqqālatan	الْبَقَّالَةَ al-baqqālata	بَقَّالَةَ baqqālata
Genitive	بَقَّالٍ baqqālin	الْبَقَّالِ al-baqqāli	بَقَّالِ baqqāli	بَقَّالَةٍ baqqālatin	الْبَقَّالَةِ al-baqqālati	بَقَّالَةِ baqqālati
Dual	Masculine			Feminine
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بَقَّالَيْن baqqālayn	الْبَقَّالَيْن al-baqqālayn	بَقَّالَيْ baqqālay	بَقَّالَتَيْن baqqālatayn	الْبَقَّالَتَيْن al-baqqālatayn	بَقَّالَتَيْ baqqālatay
Nominative	بَقَّالَانِ baqqālāni	الْبَقَّالَانِ al-baqqālāni	بَقَّالَا baqqālā	بَقَّالَتَانِ baqqālatāni	الْبَقَّالَتَانِ al-baqqālatāni	بَقَّالَتَا baqqālatā
Accusative	بَقَّالَيْنِ baqqālayni	الْبَقَّالَيْنِ al-baqqālayni	بَقَّالَيْ baqqālay	بَقَّالَتَيْنِ baqqālatayni	الْبَقَّالَتَيْنِ al-baqqālatayni	بَقَّالَتَيْ baqqālatay
Genitive	بَقَّالَيْنِ baqqālayni	الْبَقَّالَيْنِ al-baqqālayni	بَقَّالَيْ baqqālay	بَقَّالَتَيْنِ baqqālatayni	الْبَقَّالَتَيْنِ al-baqqālatayni	بَقَّالَتَيْ baqqālatay
Plural	Masculine			Feminine
	sound masculine plural			sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بَقَّالِين baqqālīn	الْبَقَّالِين al-baqqālīn	بَقَّالِي baqqālī	بَقَّالَات baqqālāt	الْبَقَّالَات al-baqqālāt	بَقَّالَات baqqālāt
Nominative	بَقَّالُونَ baqqālūna	الْبَقَّالُونَ al-baqqālūna	بَقَّالُو baqqālū	بَقَّالَاتٌ baqqālātun	الْبَقَّالَاتُ al-baqqālātu	بَقَّالَاتُ baqqālātu
Accusative	بَقَّالِينَ baqqālīna	الْبَقَّالِينَ al-baqqālīna	بَقَّالِي baqqālī	بَقَّالَاتٍ baqqālātin	الْبَقَّالَاتِ al-baqqālāti	بَقَّالَاتِ baqqālāti
Genitive	بَقَّالِينَ baqqālīna	الْبَقَّالِينَ al-baqqālīna	بَقَّالِي baqqālī	بَقَّالَاتٍ baqqālātin	الْبَقَّالَاتِ al-baqqālāti	بَقَّالَاتِ baqqālāti

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: baqqal
• → Ottoman Turkish: بقال (baḳḳal)

  > Turkish: bakkal (inherited)

  • → Ladino: bakkal
  • → Polish: bakalie
  • → Russian: бакале́я (bakaléja)
  • → Yiddish: באַקאַליי (bakaley)

• → Turkmen: bakgal
• → Uyghur: باققال (baqqal)
• → Uzbek: baqqol

References

• Lane, Edward William (1863) “بقال”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[1], London: Williams & Norgate
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “بقال”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[2], London: W.H. Allen
• Wehr, Hans (1979) “بقال”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Arabic بَقَّال (baqqāl, “greengrocer”).

Noun

بقال • (bakkal)

1. (originally) greengrocer, a person who sells vegetables and fruits

   Synonym: مناو (manav)

2. (at present) grocer, a person who retails groceries

Derived terms

• بقالیه (bakkaliye)

Descendants

• Turkish: bakkal
• → Armenian: Բակալյան (Bakalyan)
• → Greek: μπακάλης (bakális)
• → Laz: ბაკკალი (baǩǩali)
• → Macedonian: бакал (bakal)
• → Romanian: băcan
• → Serbo-Croatian: bakàlīn

Further reading

• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “بقال”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[3], Constantinople: Mihran, page 271
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “بقال”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[4], Vienna, columns 855–856
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “بقال”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 373

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic بَقَّال (baqqāl).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [baq.ˈqɑːl]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bäq.qɑ́ːl]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bäq.qɑ́ːl]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [bäq.qɑ́ːl]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [bäq.qɔ́ːl̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [bæʁ.ɢɒ́ːl̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [bäq.qɔ́l]

Readings
Classical reading?	baqqāl
Dari reading?	baqqāl
Iranian reading?	bağğâl
Tajik reading?	baqqol

Noun

Dari	بقال
Iranian Persian
Tajik	баққол

بقال • (baqqâl)

1. grocer
2. (original sense) greengrocer
   • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 248:

     بود بقالی و وی را طوطیی
     خوش نوایی سبز و گویا طوطیی

     būd baqqālē u way rā tūtīyē
     xwaš nawāyī sabz u guyā tūtīyē

     There was a greengrocer who had a parrot, a sweet-voiced green talking parrot.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

Derived terms

• بقال بازی (baqqâl bâzi, “traditional slapstick comedy”)
• بقالی (baqqâli)