شيرة
Arabic edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Surely an Aramaic borrowing, with varying reflex of the emphatic state and -ōn diminutive ending, probably a particular sense of שֵׁירָא / ܫܶܐܪܳܐ (šērā), otherwise known as “bracelet” like سِوَار (siwār) and also a kind of ring-shaped restraint around the head of a beast.
There is also Jewish Babylonian Aramaic שׁוּגְרְיָא (šūgrəyā, “basket woven of palm-leaves for dates”), derived from Akkadian 𒋗𒍀 (šu-guru5 /šugrû/, “basket; a processed form of dates”) and that from Sumerian 𒋗𒍀 (šu-guru5), passed also into Arabic as شَوْغَرَة (šawḡara, “pannier of dates”).
شَجَر (šajar), also vocalized in a foreign fashion شِجَر (šijar) and شِجَار (šijār), used in the meaning “fig trees” in al-Andalus and Morocco, may be a kindred borrowing, the etymon being attested as שִׁיגְרָא, שִׁגְרָא (šiḡrā, “dried or pressed dates”). As in ثَمَر (ṯamar, “fruits”) against تَمْر (tamr, “dates”), the meaning has then generalized from “figs” to “trees”.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
شَيْرَة • (šayra) f (plural شَيْرَات (šayrāt))
Declension edit
Singular | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شَيْرَة šayra |
الشَّيْرَة aš-šayra |
شَيْرَة šayrat |
Nominative | شَيْرَةٌ šayratun |
الشَّيْرَةُ aš-šayratu |
شَيْرَةُ šayratu |
Accusative | شَيْرَةً šayratan |
الشَّيْرَةَ aš-šayrata |
شَيْرَةَ šayrata |
Genitive | شَيْرَةٍ šayratin |
الشَّيْرَةِ aš-šayrati |
شَيْرَةِ šayrati |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | شَيْرَتَيْن šayratayn |
الشَّيْرَتَيْن aš-šayratayn |
شَيْرَتَيْ šayratay |
Nominative | شَيْرَتَانِ šayratāni |
الشَّيْرَتَانِ aš-šayratāni |
شَيْرَتَا šayratā |
Accusative | شَيْرَتَيْنِ šayratayni |
الشَّيْرَتَيْنِ aš-šayratayni |
شَيْرَتَيْ šayratay |
Genitive | شَيْرَتَيْنِ šayratayni |
الشَّيْرَتَيْنِ aš-šayratayni |
شَيْرَتَيْ šayratay |
Plural | sound feminine plural | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شَيْرَات šayrāt |
الشَّيْرَات aš-šayrāt |
شَيْرَات šayrāt |
Nominative | شَيْرَاتٌ šayrātun |
الشَّيْرَاتُ aš-šayrātu |
شَيْرَاتُ šayrātu |
Accusative | شَيْرَاتٍ šayrātin |
الشَّيْرَاتِ aš-šayrāti |
شَيْرَاتِ šayrāti |
Genitive | شَيْرَاتٍ šayrātin |
الشَّيْرَاتِ aš-šayrāti |
شَيْرَاتِ šayrāti |
Quotations edit
- شَيْرَة (šayra)
- plural شَيْرَات (šayrāt)
References edit
- Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 747
- Corriente, F. (1997) A Dictionary of Andalusi Arabic (Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 1 The Near and Middle East; 29)[4], Leiden, New York, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, →LCCN, page 298a
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 78, where the Löw reference allegedly page 18 is Löw, Immanuel (1881) Aramæische Pflanzennamen[5] (in German), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, page 124 Nr. 78
- Ibn ʿAbdūn (a. 1135) “Un document sur la vie urbaine et les corps de métiers à Séville au début du XIIe siècle: Le traité d’Ibn ʿAbdūn publié avec une introduction et un glossaire”, in Évariste Lévi-Provençal, editor, Journal asiatique[6], number 2, published 1934, page 277
- Sokoloff, Michael (2002) “שׁוּגְרְיָא”, in A Dictionary of Jewish Babylonian Aramaic of the Talmudic and Geonic periods, Ramat Gan: Bar Ilan University, page 1115b
- Stuhlmann, Franz (1912) Ein kulturgeschichtlicher Ausflug in den Aures (Atlas von Süd-Algerien): nebst Betrachtungen über die Berber-Völker (Abhandlungen des Hamburgischen Kolonialinstituts; X)[7] (in German), Hamburg: L. Friederichsen & Co., page 174a: in Tunis شواري (šwārī, “double saddlebag”)
- “šwgry)”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- “šuguru”, in The Pennsylvania Sumerian Dictionary[8], University of Pennsylvania, 2006
Gulf Arabic edit
Pronunciation edit
- Rhymes: -rə
Etymology 1 edit
From Arabic شَجَرَة (šajara, “tree”).
Noun edit
شْيَرَة • (šyara) f (plural شِيَر (šiyar))
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
شيرة • (šīra) f (plural شيرات (šīrāt) or شير (šiyar)) (usually uncountable)