مدام

Arabic

Etymology

Derived from the passive participle أَدَامَ (ʔadāma, “to make last”), the wine being so called because nothing else can be continued to be drunk like it, or because it ripens long.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mu.daːm/

Adjective

مُدَام • (mudām)

1. passive participle of أَدَامَ (ʔadāma)

Declension

Declension of adjective مُدَام (mudām)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	basic singular triptote		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مُدَام mudām	الْمُدَام al-mudām	مُدَامَة mudāma	الْمُدَامَة al-mudāma
Nominative	مُدَامٌ mudāmun	الْمُدَامُ al-mudāmu	مُدَامَةٌ mudāmatun	الْمُدَامَةُ al-mudāmatu
Accusative	مُدَامًا mudāman	الْمُدَامَ al-mudāma	مُدَامَةً mudāmatan	الْمُدَامَةَ al-mudāmata
Genitive	مُدَامٍ mudāmin	الْمُدَامِ al-mudāmi	مُدَامَةٍ mudāmatin	الْمُدَامَةِ al-mudāmati
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مُدَامَيْن mudāmayn	الْمُدَامَيْن al-mudāmayn	مُدَامَتَيْن mudāmatayn	الْمُدَامَتَيْن al-mudāmatayn
Nominative	مُدَامَانِ mudāmāni	الْمُدَامَانِ al-mudāmāni	مُدَامَتَانِ mudāmatāni	الْمُدَامَتَانِ al-mudāmatāni
Accusative	مُدَامَيْنِ mudāmayni	الْمُدَامَيْنِ al-mudāmayni	مُدَامَتَيْنِ mudāmatayni	الْمُدَامَتَيْنِ al-mudāmatayni
Genitive	مُدَامَيْنِ mudāmayni	الْمُدَامَيْنِ al-mudāmayni	مُدَامَتَيْنِ mudāmatayni	الْمُدَامَتَيْنِ al-mudāmatayni
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	sound masculine plural		sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مُدَامِين mudāmīn	الْمُدَامِين al-mudāmīn	مُدَامَات mudāmāt	الْمُدَامَات al-mudāmāt
Nominative	مُدَامُونَ mudāmūna	الْمُدَامُونَ al-mudāmūna	مُدَامَاتٌ mudāmātun	الْمُدَامَاتُ al-mudāmātu
Accusative	مُدَامِينَ mudāmīna	الْمُدَامِينَ al-mudāmīna	مُدَامَاتٍ mudāmātin	الْمُدَامَاتِ al-mudāmāti
Genitive	مُدَامِينَ mudāmīna	الْمُدَامِينَ al-mudāmīna	مُدَامَاتٍ mudāmātin	الْمُدَامَاتِ al-mudāmāti

Descendants

• → Georgian: მუდამ (mudam)

Noun

مُدَام • (mudām) m (plural مُدَامَات (mudāmāt)) (obsolete)

1. long-lasting rain
2. wine
   • 900s, al-Mutanabbī, ألذ من المدام الخندريس:

     أَلَذَّ مِنَ المُدامِ الخَنْدَرِيسِ وَأَحْلَى مِنْ مُعَاطَاةِ الْكُؤُوسِ

     ʔalaḏḏa mina l-mudāmi l-ḵandarīsi waʔaḥlā min muʕāṭāti l-kuʔūsi

     And they rejoiced on old wine and delighted themselves in sharing the beakers.

Declension

Declension of noun مُدَام (mudām)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مُدَام mudām	الْمُدَام al-mudām	مُدَام mudām
Nominative	مُدَامٌ mudāmun	الْمُدَامُ al-mudāmu	مُدَامُ mudāmu
Accusative	مُدَامًا mudāman	الْمُدَامَ al-mudāma	مُدَامَ mudāma
Genitive	مُدَامٍ mudāmin	الْمُدَامِ al-mudāmi	مُدَامِ mudāmi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مُدَامَيْن mudāmayn	الْمُدَامَيْن al-mudāmayn	مُدَامَيْ mudāmay
Nominative	مُدَامَانِ mudāmāni	الْمُدَامَانِ al-mudāmāni	مُدَامَا mudāmā
Accusative	مُدَامَيْنِ mudāmayni	الْمُدَامَيْنِ al-mudāmayni	مُدَامَيْ mudāmay
Genitive	مُدَامَيْنِ mudāmayni	الْمُدَامَيْنِ al-mudāmayni	مُدَامَيْ mudāmay
Plural	sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مُدَامَات mudāmāt	الْمُدَامَات al-mudāmāt	مُدَامَات mudāmāt
Nominative	مُدَامَاتٌ mudāmātun	الْمُدَامَاتُ al-mudāmātu	مُدَامَاتُ mudāmātu
Accusative	مُدَامَاتٍ mudāmātin	الْمُدَامَاتِ al-mudāmāti	مُدَامَاتِ mudāmāti
Genitive	مُدَامَاتٍ mudāmātin	الْمُدَامَاتِ al-mudāmāti	مُدَامَاتِ mudāmāti

References

• Freytag, Georg (1833) “مدام”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[1] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 73
• الأعشى [al-ʾaʿšā] (a. 625) Geyer, Rudolf, editor, Zwei Gedichte von Al-ʾAʿšâ (Sitzungsberichte der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien. Philosophisch-historische Klasse; 149/6)‎^[2] (in German), volume Mâ Bukâʾu, Wien: In Kommission bei Carl Gerold’s Sohn, published 1905, page 80
• Maraqten, Mohammed (1993) “Wine Drinking and Wine Prohibition in Arabia before Islam”, in Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, volume 23, page 102

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic مُدَام (mudām).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [mu.ˈðɑːm]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mʊ.d̪ɑ́ːm]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mʊ.d̪ɑ́ːm]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [mʊ.d̪ɑ́ːm]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [mu.d̪ɔ́ːm]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [mo.d̪ɒ́ːm]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [mu.d̪ɔ́m]

Readings
Classical reading?	muḏām
Dari reading?	mudām
Iranian reading?	modâm
Tajik reading?	mudom

Adjective

مدام • (modâm)

1. unending, ceaseless, perpetual; (adverbially) ceaselessly, forever
   • c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 11”, in دیوان حافظ‎^[3]:

     ما در پیاله عکس رخ یار دیده‌ایم
     ای بی‌خبر ز لذت شرب مدام ما

     mā dar piyāla aks-i rux-i yār dīda'ēm
     ay bē-xabar zi lazzat-i šurb-i mudām-i mā

     I have seen the reflection of the beloved's face in the goblet,
     O you who are unaware of the joys of my eternal drinking!

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

Further reading

• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “مدام”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim