گزیدن

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (gzytn' /⁠gazīdan⁠/). Cognate with Gilaki گشتن (gaštən) (present stem: گز (gaz)). Compare Old Armenian գազան (gazan), an Iranian borrowing.

Pronunciation

Dari	گزیدن
Iranian Persian
Tajik	газидан

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ɡa.ziː.ˈðan]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡä.ziː.d̪ǽn]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡä.ziː.d̪ǽn]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ɡä.ziː.d̪ǽn]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ɡä.zi.d̪ǽn]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡʲæ.ziː.d̪ǽn]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡä.zi.d̪ǽn]

Readings
Classical reading?	gazīḏan
Dari reading?	gazīdan
Iranian reading?	gazidan
Tajik reading?	gazidan

Verb

گزیدن • (gazidan) (present stem گز (gaz))

1. (transitive, literary) to bite

   Synonym: گاز گرفتن (gâz gereftan)

2. (transitive) to sting

   Synonym: نیش زدن (niš zadan)

Derived terms

• گزنده (gazande)

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian [Term?] (/⁠wizīdan⁠/), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kʷey- (“to pay”).

Compare Baluchi گچین (gechén, “choice”), and Old Armenian վճիտ (včit), an Iranian borrowing.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ɡu.ziː.ˈðan]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡʊ.ziː.d̪ǽn]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡʊ.ziː.d̪ǽn]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ɡʊ.ziː.d̪ǽn]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ɡu.zi.d̪ǽn]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡ̥o.ziː.d̪ǽn]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡu.zi.d̪ǽn]

Readings
Classical reading?	guzīḏan
Dari reading?	guzīdan
Iranian reading?	gozidan
Tajik reading?	guzidan

Verb

گزیدن • (gozidan) (present stem گزین (gozin))

1. (transitive) to choose

   Synonym: انتخاب کردن (entexâb kardan)

   • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 2938:

     بر نویس احوال پیر راهدان
     پیر را بگزین و عین راه دان

     bar nawîs ahwâl-i-pîr-i-râdân
     pîr râ bi-guzîn u 'ayn-i-râh dân

     Write down what appertains to the Pír (Guide) who knows the Way: Choose the Pír and regard him as the essence of the Way.

2. (transitive, archaic) to prefer

   Synonym: ترجیح دادن (tarjih dâdan)

Derived terms

• برگزیدن (bar-gozidan)
• گزینه (gozine)
• گزینش (gozineš)

References

• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “گزیدن”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “wizīdan”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 93
• Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*čai”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 27