ܡܪܕܘܬܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

Root
ܪ ܕ ܐ (r d ˀ)
4 terms

From ܡܲܪܕܝܵܐ (mardyā, “flow, watercourse; journey”) +‎ -ܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (-ūṯā, the abstract noun ending), derived from the verb ܪܵܕ݂ܹܐ (rāḏē, “to flow, move along”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [mar.duːθɑː]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [mar.duːtɑː]

Noun

ܡܲܪܕܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ • (mardūṯā) f sg (plural ܡܲܪ̈ܕܘܵܬ݂ܹܐ (mardwāṯē) or ܡܲܪ̈ܕܘܼܝܵܬ݂ܹܐ (mardūyāṯē))

1. culture, civilization
2. training, education, instruction, discipline
3. chastisement, good manners, courtesy, etiquette

Inflection

Inflection of ܡܲܪܕܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (mardūṯā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܡܲܪܕܘܼܬ݂ܝܼ (mardūṯī)		ܡܲܪܕܘܼܬ݂ܲܢ (mardūṯan)
	construct	ܡܲܪܕܘܼܬ݂ (mardūṯ)	2nd person	ܡܲܪܕܘܼܬ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (mardūṯūḵ)	ܡܲܪܕܘܼܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (mardūṯāḵ)	ܡܲܪܕܘܼܬ݂ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (mardūṯāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܡܲܪܕܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (mardūṯā)	3rd person	ܡܲܪܕܘܼܬ݂ܹܗ (mardūṯēh)	ܡܲܪܕܘܼܬ݂ܵܗ̇ (mardūṯāh)	ܡܲܪܕܘܼܬ݂ܗܘܿܢ (marduṯhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܡܲܪ̈ܕܘܵܬ݂ܝܼ (mardwāṯī)		ܡܲܪ̈ܕܘܵܬ݂ܲܢ (mardwāṯan)
	construct	ܡܲܪ̈ܕܘܵܬ݂ (mardwāṯ)	2nd person	ܡܲܪ̈ܕܘܵܬ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (mardwāṯūḵ)	ܡܲܪ̈ܕܘܵܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (mardwāṯāḵ)	ܡܲܪ̈ܕܘܵܬ݂ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (mardwāṯāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܡܲܪ̈ܕܘܵܬ݂ܹܐ (mardwāṯē)	3rd person	ܡܲܪ̈ܕܘܵܬ݂ܘܼܗܝ (mardwāṯūh)	ܡܲܪ̈ܕܘܵܬ݂ܘܿܗ̇ (mardwāṯōh)	ܡܲܪ̈ܕܘܵܬ݂ܗܘܿܢ (mardwāṯhōn)

Derived terms

• ܡܡܲܪܕܸܢ (mmardin, “to civilize, acculture”)
• ܡܲܪܕܘܼܬ݂ܵܢܵܝܵܐ (mardūṯānāyā, “cultural, educational, intellectual”)
• ܕܲܪܓܘܼܫܬܵܐ ܕܡܲܪܕܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (darguštā d-mardūṯā, “cradle of civilization”)

See also

• ܪܲܕ݂ܝܵܐ (raḏyā)
• ܬܲܪܒܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ (tarbīṯā)

Classical Syriac

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [marduθɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [mard(ə)wɑθɑ(ʔ)] (plural)

Etymology 1

From the root ܡ-ܪ-ܕ (m-r-d) related to resisting.

Noun

ܡܪܕܘܬܐ • (mardūṯā) f (plural ܡܪܕܘܬܐ)

1. rebellion, revolt
2. defection
3. impudence, insolence

Inflection

    declension of ܡܪܕܘܬܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܡܪܕܘ	ܡܪܕܘܢ
construct	ܡܪܕܘܬ	ܡܪܕܘܬ
emphatic	ܡܪܕܘܬܐ	ܡܪܕܘܬܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܡܪܕܘܬܝ	ܡܪܕܘܬܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܡܪܕܘܬܟ	ܡܪܕܘܬܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܡܪܕܘܬܟܝ	ܡܪܕܘܬܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܡܪܕܘܬܗ	ܡܪܕܘܬܗ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܡܪܕܘܬܗ	ܡܪܕܘܬܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܡܪܕܘܬܢ	ܡܪܕܘܬܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܡܪܕܘܬܟܘܢ	ܡܪܕܘܬܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܡܪܕܘܬܟܝܢ	ܡܪܕܘܬܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܡܪܕܘܬܗܘܢ	ܡܪܕܘܬܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܡܪܕܘܬܗܝܢ	ܡܪܕܘܬܗܝܢ

Etymology 2

From the root ܪ-ܕ-ܐ (r-d-ʾ) related to travelling.

Noun

ܡܪܕܘܬܐ • (mardūṯā) f (plural ܡܪܕܘܬܐ)

1. training, education, instruction, discipline
2. doctrine, science
3. correction
4. chastisement
5. cultivation, formation
6. culture

Inflection

    declension of ܡܪܕܘܬܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܡܪܕܘ	ܡܪܕܘܢ
construct	ܡܪܕܘܬ	ܡܪܕܘܬ
emphatic	ܡܪܕܘܬܐ	ܡܪܕܘܬܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܡܪܕܘܬܝ	ܡܪܕܘܬܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܡܪܕܘܬܟ	ܡܪܕܘܬܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܡܪܕܘܬܟܝ	ܡܪܕܘܬܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܡܪܕܘܬܗ	ܡܪܕܘܬܗ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܡܪܕܘܬܗ	ܡܪܕܘܬܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܡܪܕܘܬܢ	ܡܪܕܘܬܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܡܪܕܘܬܟܘܢ	ܡܪܕܘܬܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܡܪܕܘܬܟܝܢ	ܡܪܕܘܬܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܡܪܕܘܬܗܘܢ	ܡܪܕܘܬܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܡܪܕܘܬܗܝܢ	ܡܪܕܘܬܗܝܢ

References

• “mrdw”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, pp. 191b, 339a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 299b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, p. 828a