आगत

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• আগত (Assamese script)
• ᬆᬕᬢ (Balinese script)
• আগত (Bengali script)
• 𑰁𑰐𑰝 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀆𑀕𑀢 (Brahmi script)
• အာဂတ (Burmese script)
• આગત (Gujarati script)
• ਆਗਤ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌆𑌗𑌤 (Grantha script)
• ꦄꦴꦒꦠ (Javanese script)
• 𑂄𑂏𑂞 (Kaithi script)
• ಆಗತ (Kannada script)
• អាគត (Khmer script)
• ອາຄຕ (Lao script)
• ആഗത (Malayalam script)
• ᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡤᠠᢠᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘁𑘐𑘝 (Modi script)
• ᠠᢗᠺᠠᢐᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦡𑦰𑦽 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐁𑐐𑐟 (Newa script)
• ଆଗତ (Odia script)
• ꢃꢔꢡ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆄𑆓𑆠 (Sharada script)
• 𑖁𑖐𑖝 (Siddham script)
• ආගත (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩐𑩛𑩞𑩫 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚁𑚌𑚙 (Takri script)
• ஆக³த (Tamil script)
• ఆగత (Telugu script)
• อาคต (Thai script)
• ཨཱ་ག་ཏ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒂𑒑𑒞 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨀𑨊𑨍𑨙 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ā́-gatas (“come, arrived”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷem-. Cognate with Khotanese 𑀆𑀢 (āta), Parthian [script needed] (āγad, “come”), Bashkardi [script needed] (yaht). By surface analysis, आ (ā) +‎ गम् (gam, root) +‎ -त (-ta).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɑ́ː.ɡɐ.tɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɑː.ɡɐ.t̪ɐ/

Participle

आगत • (ā́gata)

1. past participle of आगम् (āgam); come, arrived
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.71.10:

     सर्वे॑ नन्दन्ति य॒शस्आग॑तेन सभासा॒हेन॒ सख्या॒ सखा॑यः ।
     कि॒ल्बि॒ष॒स्पृत्पि॑तु॒षणि॒र्ह्ये॑षा॒मरं॑ हि॒तो भव॑ति॒ वाजि॑नाय ॥

     sárve nandanti yaśásā́gatena sabhāsāhéna sákhyā sákhāyaḥ .
     kilbiṣaspṛ́tpituṣáṇirhyèṣāmáraṃ hitó bhávati vā́jināya .

     All friends are joyful in the friend who has come in triumph, having conquered in assembly.
     He is their blame-averter, food-provider; he is prepared and fit for deed of vigour.

2. returned
   • c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa
3. come into existence, born

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of आगत (ā́gata)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	आगतः ā́gataḥ	आगतौ / आगता¹ ā́gatau / ā́gatā¹	आगताः / आगतासः¹ ā́gatāḥ / ā́gatāsaḥ¹
Vocative	आगत ā́gata	आगतौ / आगता¹ ā́gatau / ā́gatā¹	आगताः / आगतासः¹ ā́gatāḥ / ā́gatāsaḥ¹
Accusative	आगतम् ā́gatam	आगतौ / आगता¹ ā́gatau / ā́gatā¹	आगतान् ā́gatān
Instrumental	आगतेन ā́gatena	आगताभ्याम् ā́gatābhyām	आगतैः / आगतेभिः¹ ā́gataiḥ / ā́gatebhiḥ¹
Dative	आगताय ā́gatāya	आगताभ्याम् ā́gatābhyām	आगतेभ्यः ā́gatebhyaḥ
Ablative	आगतात् ā́gatāt	आगताभ्याम् ā́gatābhyām	आगतेभ्यः ā́gatebhyaḥ
Genitive	आगतस्य ā́gatasya	आगतयोः ā́gatayoḥ	आगतानाम् ā́gatānām
Locative	आगते ā́gate	आगतयोः ā́gatayoḥ	आगतेषु ā́gateṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of आगता (ā́gatā)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	आगता ā́gatā	आगते ā́gate	आगताः ā́gatāḥ
Vocative	आगते ā́gate	आगते ā́gate	आगताः ā́gatāḥ
Accusative	आगताम् ā́gatām	आगते ā́gate	आगताः ā́gatāḥ
Instrumental	आगतया / आगता¹ ā́gatayā / ā́gatā¹	आगताभ्याम् ā́gatābhyām	आगताभिः ā́gatābhiḥ
Dative	आगतायै ā́gatāyai	आगताभ्याम् ā́gatābhyām	आगताभ्यः ā́gatābhyaḥ
Ablative	आगतायाः / आगतायै² ā́gatāyāḥ / ā́gatāyai²	आगताभ्याम् ā́gatābhyām	आगताभ्यः ā́gatābhyaḥ
Genitive	आगतायाः / आगतायै² ā́gatāyāḥ / ā́gatāyai²	आगतयोः ā́gatayoḥ	आगतानाम् ā́gatānām
Locative	आगतायाम् ā́gatāyām	आगतयोः ā́gatayoḥ	आगतासु ā́gatāsu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of आगत (ā́gata)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	आगतम् ā́gatam	आगते ā́gate	आगतानि / आगता¹ ā́gatāni / ā́gatā¹
Vocative	आगत ā́gata	आगते ā́gate	आगतानि / आगता¹ ā́gatāni / ā́gatā¹
Accusative	आगतम् ā́gatam	आगते ā́gate	आगतानि / आगता¹ ā́gatāni / ā́gatā¹
Instrumental	आगतेन ā́gatena	आगताभ्याम् ā́gatābhyām	आगतैः / आगतेभिः¹ ā́gataiḥ / ā́gatebhiḥ¹
Dative	आगताय ā́gatāya	आगताभ्याम् ā́gatābhyām	आगतेभ्यः ā́gatebhyaḥ
Ablative	आगतात् ā́gatāt	आगताभ्याम् ā́gatābhyām	आगतेभ्यः ā́gatebhyaḥ
Genitive	आगतस्य ā́gatasya	आगतयोः ā́gatayoḥ	आगतानाम् ā́gatānām
Locative	आगते ā́gate	आगतयोः ā́gatayoḥ	आगतेषु ā́gateṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

Terms inherited from आगत (ā́gata)

• Gandhari: 𐨀𐨒𐨡 (agada)
• Pali: āgata
• Prakrit:

  Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀆𑀕𑀬 (āgaya)

  Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀆𑀕𑀅 (āgaa), 𑀆𑀅𑀅 (āaa), 𑀆𑀬 (āya), 𑀆𑀅 (āa)

  • ⇒ Konkani: आयल्लो (āyllo), आयिल्लो (āyillo), आइल्लो (āillo) (with Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀇𑀮𑁆𑀮- (-illa-))
  • ⇒ Old Marathi: 𑘁𑘩𑘹𑘽 (āleṃ) (with Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀮𑁆𑀮- (-lla-))
    • Marathi: आले (āle)
  • ⇒ Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀆𑀕𑀏𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀺𑀆 (āgaelliā)

  Paisaci Prakrit:

  • Takka Apabhramsa:
    • Old Punjabi: ਆਇਆ (āiā), ਆਇਓ (āio)
      • Punjabi:

        Gurmukhi script: ਆਇਆ (āiā)

        Shahmukhi script: آیا

  • Vracada Apabhramsa:
    • Sindhi:

      Arabic script: آيو

      Devanagari script: आयो

  Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀆𑀕𑀤 (āgada), 𑀆𑀅𑀤 (āada)

  • Sauraseni Apabhramsa:
    • Old Hindi: आय़ा (āyā) (with Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓- (-ka-))
      • Hindustani: āyā

        Hindi: आया

        Urdu: آیا

Learned borrowings from आगत (ā́gata)

• Assamese: আগত (agot)
• Bengali: আগত (agoto)
• Gujarati: આગત (āgat)
• Hindi: आगत (āgat)
• Maithili:

  Tirhuta script: 𑒂𑒑𑒞 (āgata)

  Devanagari script: आगत (āgat)

• Malayalam: ആഗതം (āgataṁ)
• Odia: ଆଗତ (agôtô)
• Sinhalese: ආගත (āgata)
• Telugu: ఆగతము (āgatamu)

Further reading

• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “āˊgata”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press