आ
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Translingual edit
Etymology edit
Letter edit
आ (ā)
- The second letter and vowel of the Devanagari script.
Usage notes edit
Its matra, used to modify the inherent vowel in a consonant, is written ा. For example, the first consonant क with the matra looks like: का.
Bhojpuri edit
Conjunction edit
आ (ā) (Kaithi 𑂄)
Dhivehi edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
आ • (ā)
- The second vowel in Dhivehi, written in Devanagari script
Hindi edit
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): /aː/, /a/, /ɑː/, [äː]
- The first three transcriptions are very common, but the fourth is the true phonetic value.
Audio (file)
Letter edit
आ • (ā)
See also edit
- (matra): ा (ā)
- (Devanagari script letters) अ, आ, इ, ई, उ, ऊ, ऋ, ए, ऐ, ओ, औ, अं, अः, अँ, क, ख, ग, घ, ङ, च, छ, ज, झ, ञ, ट, ठ, ड, ढ, ण, त, थ, द, ध, न, प, फ, ब, भ, म, य, र, ल, व, श, ष, स, ह, त्र, ज्ञ, क्ष, क़, ख़, ग़, ज़, झ़, ड़, ढ़, फ़ (Category: Hindi letters) [edit]
Verb edit
आ • (ā)
- inflection of आना (ānā):
Kurukh edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Dravidian *aH (“that”).
Determiner edit
आ (ā)
Marathi edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
आ • (ā)
Nepali edit
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): [ä]
- Phonetic Devanagari: आ
- While the first transcription is very common, the second is the true phonetic value.
Letter edit
आ • (ā)
Verb edit
आ • (ā)
- low-respectful second-person singular imperative of आउनु (āunu)
Old Gujarati edit
Pronoun edit
आ • (ā)
Determiner edit
आ • (ā)
Descendants edit
- Gujarati: આ (ā)
Sanskrit edit
Alternative scripts edit
Alternative scripts
- আ (Assamese script)
- ᬆ (Balinese script)
- আ (Bengali script)
- 𑰁 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀆 (Brahmi script)
- အာ (Burmese script)
- આ (Gujarati script)
- ਆ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌆 (Grantha script)
- ꦄꦴ (Javanese script)
- 𑂄 (Kaithi script)
- ಆ (Kannada script)
- អា (Khmer script)
- ອາ (Lao script)
- ആ (Malayalam script)
- ᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
- 𑘁 (Modi script)
- ᠠ᠋ᠠ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦡 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐁 (Newa script)
- ଆ (Odia script)
- ꢃ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆄 (Sharada script)
- 𑖁 (Siddham script)
- ආ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩐𑩛 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚁 (Takri script)
- ஆ (Tamil script)
- ఆ (Telugu script)
- อา (Thai script)
- ཨཱ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒂 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨀𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology edit
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *HáH, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (“to, at”). Cognate with Proto-Germanic *at (whence English at) and Latin ad. The final *d in the Proto-Indo-European term regularly alternated with *h₁, the latter appearing before certain consonants originally. Indo-Iranian languages generalized the form ending in *h₁ and other fellow Indo-European languages generalized the form ending in *d.[1]
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
आ • (ā́)
Postposition edit
आ • (ā́)
- With senses determined by the accusative case:
- (+ accusative) near to, towards, to
- (+ accusative) for
- (+ accusative) near to, towards, to
- With senses determined by the ablative case:
- (+ ablative) from
- (+ ablative) out of, from among
- (+ ablative) from
- (+locative) in, at, on
Preposition edit
आ • (ā́)
- (+ accusative) up to ... exclusively
- With senses determined by the ablative case
- (+ ablative) up to, to, as far as
- 900-1100 AD; copied later, Arlo Griffiths, Kunthea Chhom, “A problematic inscription (K.1237)”, in Udaya: Journal of Khmer Studies[1], volume 14 (PDF), Yosothor, published 2019, halshs-02168837, page 10:
- វិមទ*យន្តិយេភូមី*
ទាសាន្ទេវស្យបាបី*នះ
តេសវ្វ៌នរកេយាន្តុ
យាតនាមាភវក្ឞយាត៑ ៕
* Read ទ, មី and បី as ទ៌, មិ and បិ.- vimardayanti ye bhūmi
dāsāndevasya pāpinaḥ
te sarvvanarake yāntu
yātanām ā bhavakṣayāt· ॥ - May the evil ones who disturb the land and servants of the god undergo torment in every hell until the end of existence.
- vimardayanti ye bhūmi
- (+ ablative) from
- (+ ablative) up to, to, as far as
Ambiposition edit
आ • (ā́)
- (+(X)ablative ā́ +(Y)ablative) from (X) to (Y)
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 7.95.2:
- एका॑चेत॒त्सर॑स्वती न॒दीनां॒ शुचि॑र्य॒ती गि॒रिभ्य॒ आ स॑मु॒द्रात्।
रा॒यश्चेत॑न्ती॒ भुव॑नस्य॒ भूरे॑र्घृ॒तं पयो॑ दुदुहे॒ नाहु॑षाय॥- ékācetat sárasvatī nadī́nāṃ śúcir yatī́ giríbhya ā́ samudrā́t
rāyáś cétantī bhúvanasya bhū́rer ghr̥tám páyo duduhe nā́huṣāya - Sarasvatī, chief and pure of rivers, flowing from the mountains to the ocean
understood the request of Nahuṣa, and distributing riches among the many existing beings, milked for him butter and water.
- ékācetat sárasvatī nadī́nāṃ śúcir yatī́ giríbhya ā́ samudrā́t
- एका॑चेत॒त्सर॑स्वती न॒दीनां॒ शुचि॑र्य॒ती गि॒रिभ्य॒ आ स॑मु॒द्रात्।
References edit
- ^ Garnier, Romain (2014) “Nouvelles réflexions sur l’effet-Kortlandt”, in Glotta (in French), volume 90, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, pages 140-160
Sherpa edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
आ (ā)
- Used to represent the [ɑ~ʌ] sound in Sherpa. [2]