Sanskrit

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-Indo-Aryan *karkartas, according to Pokorny, related to कर्कर (karkara, hard), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂er- (hard) (see also Welsh crach (crust), Proto-Slavic *rakъ (crayfish)). Latin cancer and Ancient Greek καρκίνος (karkínos, crab) could also be related, but this is uncertain.

More likely from a substrate language, and possibly cognate with Santali ᱠᱟᱴᱠᱚᱢ (kaṭkôm); however, this is uncertain, as the latter could also be from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kt₁aam. However, the Santali word is definitely not borrowed from Sanskrit; and a borrowing from Munda languages into Sanskrit is not verifiable.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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कर्कट (karkaṭa) stemm

  1. crab
  2. (astrology) the sign Cancer
  3. a particular bird
  4. (botany) name of several plants (clarification of this definition is needed)
  5. the fibrous root of a plant
  6. the curved end of the beam of a balance (to which the strings supporting the scale are attached)
  7. a pair of compasses in a particular position
  8. a particular position of the hands
  9. a kind of fever
  10. a kind of coitus

Declension

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Masculine a-stem declension of कर्कट (karkaṭa)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative कर्कटः
karkaṭaḥ
कर्कटौ / कर्कटा¹
karkaṭau / karkaṭā¹
कर्कटाः / कर्कटासः¹
karkaṭāḥ / karkaṭāsaḥ¹
Vocative कर्कट
karkaṭa
कर्कटौ / कर्कटा¹
karkaṭau / karkaṭā¹
कर्कटाः / कर्कटासः¹
karkaṭāḥ / karkaṭāsaḥ¹
Accusative कर्कटम्
karkaṭam
कर्कटौ / कर्कटा¹
karkaṭau / karkaṭā¹
कर्कटान्
karkaṭān
Instrumental कर्कटेन
karkaṭena
कर्कटाभ्याम्
karkaṭābhyām
कर्कटैः / कर्कटेभिः¹
karkaṭaiḥ / karkaṭebhiḥ¹
Dative कर्कटाय
karkaṭāya
कर्कटाभ्याम्
karkaṭābhyām
कर्कटेभ्यः
karkaṭebhyaḥ
Ablative कर्कटात्
karkaṭāt
कर्कटाभ्याम्
karkaṭābhyām
कर्कटेभ्यः
karkaṭebhyaḥ
Genitive कर्कटस्य
karkaṭasya
कर्कटयोः
karkaṭayoḥ
कर्कटानाम्
karkaṭānām
Locative कर्कटे
karkaṭe
कर्कटयोः
karkaṭayoḥ
कर्कटेषु
karkaṭeṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Descendants

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References

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