Hindi

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Pronunciation

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  • (Delhi) IPA(key): /ɡɾɑːm/, [ɡɾä̃ːm]

Etymology 1

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Learned borrowing from Sanskrit ग्राम (grāma).

Noun

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ग्राम (grāmm (Urdu spelling گرام)

  1. village
    Synonym: गाँव (gā̃v)
Declension
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Etymology 2

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Borrowed from English gram.

Noun

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ग्राम (grāmm (Urdu spelling گرام)

  1. gramme
Declension
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Sanskrit

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Alternative scripts

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Etymology

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From Proto-Indo-Aryan *grā́mas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *grā́mas, from Proto-Indo-European *(h₂)gróm-os, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ger- (to assemble, gather together). Cognate with Middle Persian [script needed] (grāmag, property, wealth).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ग्राम (grāma) stemm

  1. an inhabited place, village, hamlet, settlement
  2. the collective inhabitants of place, community, race
  3. any number of men associated together, multitude, troop (especially of soldiers)
  4. the old women of a family
  5. a multitude, class, collection, number
  6. a number of tones, scale, gamut
  7. indriya
  8. inhabitants, people

Declension

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Masculine a-stem declension of ग्राम
singular dual plural
nominative ग्रामः (grā́maḥ) ग्रामौ (grā́mau)
ग्रामा¹ (grā́mā¹)
ग्रामाः (grā́māḥ)
ग्रामासः¹ (grā́māsaḥ¹)
vocative ग्राम (grā́ma) ग्रामौ (grā́mau)
ग्रामा¹ (grā́mā¹)
ग्रामाः (grā́māḥ)
ग्रामासः¹ (grā́māsaḥ¹)
accusative ग्रामम् (grā́mam) ग्रामौ (grā́mau)
ग्रामा¹ (grā́mā¹)
ग्रामान् (grā́mān)
instrumental ग्रामेण (grā́meṇa) ग्रामाभ्याम् (grā́mābhyām) ग्रामैः (grā́maiḥ)
ग्रामेभिः¹ (grā́mebhiḥ¹)
dative ग्रामाय (grā́māya) ग्रामाभ्याम् (grā́mābhyām) ग्रामेभ्यः (grā́mebhyaḥ)
ablative ग्रामात् (grā́māt) ग्रामाभ्याम् (grā́mābhyām) ग्रामेभ्यः (grā́mebhyaḥ)
genitive ग्रामस्य (grā́masya) ग्रामयोः (grā́mayoḥ) ग्रामाणाम् (grā́māṇām)
locative ग्रामे (grā́me) ग्रामयोः (grā́mayoḥ) ग्रामेषु (grā́meṣu)
  • ¹Vedic

Noun

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ग्राम (grāma) stemn

  1. village
  2. flock

Declension

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Neuter a-stem declension of ग्राम
singular dual plural
nominative ग्रामम् (grāmam) ग्रामे (grāme) ग्रामाणि (grāmāṇi)
ग्रामा¹ (grāmā¹)
vocative ग्राम (grāma) ग्रामे (grāme) ग्रामाणि (grāmāṇi)
ग्रामा¹ (grāmā¹)
accusative ग्रामम् (grāmam) ग्रामे (grāme) ग्रामाणि (grāmāṇi)
ग्रामा¹ (grāmā¹)
instrumental ग्रामेण (grāmeṇa) ग्रामाभ्याम् (grāmābhyām) ग्रामैः (grāmaiḥ)
ग्रामेभिः¹ (grāmebhiḥ¹)
dative ग्रामाय (grāmāya) ग्रामाभ्याम् (grāmābhyām) ग्रामेभ्यः (grāmebhyaḥ)
ablative ग्रामात् (grāmāt) ग्रामाभ्याम् (grāmābhyām) ग्रामेभ्यः (grāmebhyaḥ)
genitive ग्रामस्य (grāmasya) ग्रामयोः (grāmayoḥ) ग्रामाणाम् (grāmāṇām)
locative ग्रामे (grāme) ग्रामयोः (grāmayoḥ) ग्रामेषु (grāmeṣu)
  • ¹Vedic

Descendants

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  • Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀕𑀸𑀫 (gāma)
    • Prakrit: 𑀕𑀸𑀫 (gāma) (see there for further descendants)
  • Dardic:
    • Dameli: [script needed] (gram)
    • Gawar-Bati: [script needed] (lām)
    • Grangali: [script needed] (lām)
    • Indus Kohistani: [script needed] (gā̃)
    • Kalami: [script needed] (lām)
    • Kalasha: grom
    • Khowar: [script needed] (gram) (in compounds)
    • Kashmiri: گام (gām)
    • Northeast Pashayi: [script needed] (lāma)
    • Phalura: [script needed] (grōm)
    • Savi: [script needed] (grām)
    • Shina: [script needed] (gām)
    • Shumashti: [script needed] (lām)
    • Southeast Pashayi: [script needed] (lām)
    • Torwali: [script needed] (gām)
    • Wotapuri-Katarqalai: [script needed] (gām)
  • Pali: gāma
  • Old Punjabi:
  • Tamil: கிராமம் (kirāmam)
  • Assamese: গ্ৰাম (gram) (learned)
  • Bengali: গ্রাম (gram) (learned)
  • Hindi: ग्राम (grām) (learned)
  • Kannada: ಗ್ರಾಮ (grāma) (learned)
  • Marathi: ग्राम (grām) (learned)
  • Punjabi: ਗਰਾਮ (garām) (learned)
  • Telugu: గ్రామము (grāmamu) (learned)
  • Bengali: গেরাম (geram) (semi-learned)
  • Sylheti: ꠉꠦꠞꠣꠝ (geram) (semi-learned)

References

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  • Monier Williams (1899) “ग्राम”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, [], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0373/1.
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 507-508
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “grāˊma”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press