घृणा

See also: घृण

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit घृणा (ghṛṇā́).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /ɡʱɾɪ.ɳɑː/, [ɡʱɾɪ.ɳäː]

Noun

घृणा • (ghŕṇā) f (Urdu spelling گھرنا)

1. hatred, disgust
2. aversion, scorn, loathing
3. disdain, abhorrence, repulsion

Declension

Declension of घृणा (fem ā-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	घृणा ghŕṇā	घृणाएँ ghŕṇāẽ
oblique	घृणा ghŕṇā	घृणाओं ghŕṇāõ
vocative	घृणा ghŕṇā	घृणाओ ghŕṇāo

Synonyms

• घिन (ghin)
• नफ़रत (nafrat)

Sanskrit

Etymology

Feminine of घृण (ghṛná, “heat”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡʱr̩.ɳɑ́ː/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɡʱr̩.ɳɑː/

Noun

घृणा • (ghṛṇā́) stem, f

1. hatred

   Synonym: द्वेष (dvéṣa)

2. disgust, contempt, aversion
3. malice, ill-will
4. compassion, tenderness

Declension

Feminine ā-stem declension of घृणा (ghṛṇā́)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	घृणा ghṛṇā́	घृणे ghṛṇé	घृणाः ghṛṇā́ḥ
Vocative	घृणे ghṛ́ṇe	घृणे ghṛ́ṇe	घृणाः ghṛ́ṇāḥ
Accusative	घृणाम् ghṛṇā́m	घृणे ghṛṇé	घृणाः ghṛṇā́ḥ
Instrumental	घृणया / घृणा¹ ghṛṇáyā / ghṛṇā́¹	घृणाभ्याम् ghṛṇā́bhyām	घृणाभिः ghṛṇā́bhiḥ
Dative	घृणायै ghṛṇā́yai	घृणाभ्याम् ghṛṇā́bhyām	घृणाभ्यः ghṛṇā́bhyaḥ
Ablative	घृणायाः / घृणायै² ghṛṇā́yāḥ / ghṛṇā́yai²	घृणाभ्याम् ghṛṇā́bhyām	घृणाभ्यः ghṛṇā́bhyaḥ
Genitive	घृणायाः / घृणायै² ghṛṇā́yāḥ / ghṛṇā́yai²	घृणयोः ghṛṇáyoḥ	घृणानाम् ghṛṇā́nām
Locative	घृणायाम् ghṛṇā́yām	घृणयोः ghṛṇáyoḥ	घृणासु ghṛṇā́su
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Descendants

• Magadhi Prakrit:
  • Early Assamese:
    • Assamese: ঘিণ (ghin)
  • Bengali: ঘিন (ghin)
  • Sylheti: ꠊꠤꠘ (gíno)
• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀖𑀺𑀡𑀸 (ghiṇā)
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀖𑀺𑀡𑀸 (ghiṇā)
  • Nepali: घिन (ghina)
  • Gujarati: ઘીણ (ghīṇ)
  • Old Hindi:
    • Hindi: घिन (ghin), گھن
      • → Mauritian Creole: ghin
    • Punjabi: ਘਿਣ (ghiṇ)
• → Old Punjabi:
  • Punjabi: ਘਿਰਨਾ (ghirnā)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “घृणा”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0379/1.