วิบาก

Thai

Alternative forms

• พิบาก

Etymology

From Pali vipāka (“fruit, issue; result, outcome; etc”), from Sanskrit विपाक (vipāka, “idem”); perhaps via Old Khmer vipāka (“result, effect; difficulty, hardship; difficult, hard; etc”). Cognate with Modern Khmer វិបាក (vibaak).

Pronunciation

Orthographic		วิบาก w i ɓ ā k
Phonemic		วิ-บาก w i – ɓ ā k
Romanization	Paiboon	wí-bàak
	Royal Institute	wi-bak
(standard) IPA(key)		/wi˦˥.baːk̚˨˩/(R)

Noun

วิบาก • (wí-bàak)

1. result or effect, especially of an action; repercussion; retribution; requital.
2. (elegant, poetic, literary) difficulty; hardship; discomfort; torment; suffering.

Adjective

วิบาก • (wí-bàak) (abstract noun ความวิบาก)

1. (elegant, poetic, literary) difficult, hard, uncomfortable; tormenting, torturous; suffering, in pain.
2. (sports) extreme.

Derived terms

• กรรมวิบาก
• วิบากกรรม