ḏdꜣ

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒɛdɑ/
  • Conventional anglicization: djeda

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (intransitive, of meat or fat) to be(come) fatty [since the Middle Kingdom]
2. (intransitive, of animals) to be(come) fat [since the Middle Kingdom]
3. (intransitive, of cereals) to ripen, to be(come) ripe [Greco-Roman Period]
4. (intransitive, of fields) to to be(come) ripe with grain [Greco-Roman Period]
5. (transitive, of the Nile) to make ripe, to ripen (grain or fields) [Greco-Roman Period]

Inflection

Conjugation of ḏdꜣ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ḏdꜣ, geminated stem: ḏdꜣꜣ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
ḏdꜣ	ḏdꜣw, ḏdꜣ	ḏdꜣt	ḏdꜣ	ḏdꜣ

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
ḏdꜣ	ḥr ḏdꜣ	m ḏdꜣ	r ḏdꜣ

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	ḏdꜣ.n	ḏdꜣw, ḏdꜣ	consecutive	ḏdꜣ.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	ḏdꜣt
perfective3	ḏdꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	ḏdꜣ.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	ḏdꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	ḏdꜣ	ḏdꜣꜣ	potentialis1	ḏdꜣ.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	ḏdꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	ḏdꜣ.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	ḏdꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2	ḏdꜣ	ḏdꜣ, ḏdꜣw5, ḏdꜣy5
imperfective	ḏdꜣ, ḏdꜣy, ḏdꜣw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	ḏdꜣ, ḏdꜣj6, ḏdꜣy6	ḏdꜣ, ḏdꜣw5
prospective	ḏdꜣ, ḏdꜣtj7	—	ḏdꜣtj4, ḏdꜣt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḏdꜣ  

ḏdꜣ

of meat, fat, or animals

Descendants

• Sahidic Coptic: ϫⲧⲁⲓ (čtai)

Noun

 m

1. fat
2. part of a plant used medicinally. The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:
   1. pith

Inflection

Declension of ḏdꜣ (masculine)

singular	ḏdꜣ
dual	ḏdꜣwj
plural	ḏdꜣw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḏdꜣ  

ḏd

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1931) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 5, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 631.3–632.6
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 325