ἀποφώλιος

See also: αποφώλιος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Not related to ὄφελος (óphelos, “use”). According to Beekes, probably connected to ἀπαφεῖν (apapheîn) aorist b of verb ἀπαφίσκω (apaphískō, “I deceive”) (itself probably from Pre-Greek/substrate), in which case the word originally meant "deceiving".

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /a.po.pʰɔ̌ː.li.os/ → /a.poˈɸo.li.os/ → /a.poˈfo.li.os/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /a.po.pʰɔ̌ː.li.os/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /a.poˈpʰo.li.os/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /a.poˈɸo.li.os/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /a.poˈfo.li.os/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /a.poˈfo.li.os/

Adjective

ᾰ̓ποφώλῐος • (apophṓlios) m or f (neuter ᾰ̓ποφώλῐον); second declension

1. empty, vain, idle, worthless
2. barren
3. monstrous, hybrid in the phrase by Euripides, Fragment 966
   • ξύμμικτον εἶδος κἀποφώλιον τρέφος

     xúmmikton eîdos kapophṓlion tréphos

     a mixed kind and monstrous creature (of the Minotaur)

Inflection

Second declension of ᾰ̓ποφώλῐος; ᾰ̓ποφώλῐον (Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ᾰ̓ποφώλῐος apophṓlios	ᾰ̓ποφώλῐον apophṓlion		ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́ω apophōlíō	ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́ω apophōlíō		ᾰ̓ποφώλῐοι apophṓlioi	ᾰ̓ποφώλῐᾰ apophṓlia
Genitive		ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́ου apophōlíou	ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́ου apophōlíou		ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́οιν apophōlíoin	ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́οιν apophōlíoin		ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́ων apophōlíōn	ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́ων apophōlíōn
Dative		ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́ῳ apophōlíōi	ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́ῳ apophōlíōi		ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́οιν apophōlíoin	ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́οιν apophōlíoin		ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́οις apophōlíois	ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́οις apophōlíois
Accusative		ᾰ̓ποφώλῐον apophṓlion	ᾰ̓ποφώλῐον apophṓlion		ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́ω apophōlíō	ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́ω apophōlíō		ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́ους apophōlíous	ᾰ̓ποφώλῐᾰ apophṓlia
Vocative		ᾰ̓ποφώλῐε apophṓlie	ᾰ̓ποφώλῐον apophṓlion		ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́ω apophōlíō	ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́ω apophōlíō		ᾰ̓ποφώλῐοι apophṓlioi	ᾰ̓ποφώλῐᾰ apophṓlia
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		ᾰ̓ποφωλῐ́ως apophōlíōs			ᾰ̓ποφωλῐώτερος apophōliṓteros			ᾰ̓ποφωλῐώτᾰτος apophōliṓtatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Synonyms

• ἀπόφωλος (apóphōlos) (Koine)

Further reading

• “ἀποφώλιος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ἀποφώλιος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἀποφώλιος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN