ἀριστερός
See also: αριστερός
Ancient Greek
editEtymology
editApparently from ἄριστος (áristos, “best”) + -τερος (-teros, “contrastive suffix”), though the left direction has negative connotations in many cultures and languages, including Greece.[1] According to Chantraine, the suffix -τερος serves to differentiate and create a euphemistic contrast with ἄριστος; an unusual formation. The latter is taken to indicate on the right side in this case, the left side being its literal and metaphorical opposite.[2]
Pronunciation
edit- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /a.ris.te.rós/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /a.ris.teˈros/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /a.ris.teˈros/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /a.ris.teˈros/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /a.ris.teˈros/
Adjective
editἀριστερός • (aristerós) m (feminine ἀριστερά, neuter ἀριστερόν); first/second declension
Inflection
editNumber | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | ἀριστερός aristerós |
ἀριστερᾱ́ aristerā́ |
ἀριστερόν aristerón |
ἀριστερώ aristerṓ |
ἀριστερᾱ́ aristerā́ |
ἀριστερώ aristerṓ |
ἀριστεροί aristeroí |
ἀριστεραί aristeraí |
ἀριστερᾰ́ aristerá | |||||
Genitive | ἀριστεροῦ aristeroû |
ἀριστερᾶς aristerâs |
ἀριστεροῦ aristeroû |
ἀριστεροῖν aristeroîn |
ἀριστεραῖν aristeraîn |
ἀριστεροῖν aristeroîn |
ἀριστερῶν aristerôn |
ἀριστερῶν aristerôn |
ἀριστερῶν aristerôn | |||||
Dative | ἀριστερῷ aristerôi |
ἀριστερᾷ aristerâi |
ἀριστερῷ aristerôi |
ἀριστεροῖν aristeroîn |
ἀριστεραῖν aristeraîn |
ἀριστεροῖν aristeroîn |
ἀριστεροῖς aristeroîs |
ἀριστεραῖς aristeraîs |
ἀριστεροῖς aristeroîs | |||||
Accusative | ἀριστερόν aristerón |
ἀριστερᾱ́ν aristerā́n |
ἀριστερόν aristerón |
ἀριστερώ aristerṓ |
ἀριστερᾱ́ aristerā́ |
ἀριστερώ aristerṓ |
ἀριστερούς aristeroús |
ἀριστερᾱ́ς aristerā́s |
ἀριστερᾰ́ aristerá | |||||
Vocative | ἀριστερέ aristeré |
ἀριστερᾱ́ aristerā́ |
ἀριστερόν aristerón |
ἀριστερώ aristerṓ |
ἀριστερᾱ́ aristerā́ |
ἀριστερώ aristerṓ |
ἀριστεροί aristeroí |
ἀριστεραί aristeraí |
ἀριστερᾰ́ aristerá | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
ἀριστερῶς aristerôs |
ἀριστερώτερος aristerṓteros |
ἀριστερώτᾰτος aristerṓtatos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Synonyms
edit- (left): εὐώνυμος (euṓnumos)
Antonyms
editDescendants
edit- Greek: αριστερός (aristerós)
References
edit- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἀριστερός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 131
- ^ Chantraine, Pierre, "Les noms de la gauche en grec", Comptes rendus de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres 99.3 (1955) 374-377.
Further reading
edit- “ἀριστερός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἀριστερός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ἀριστερός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ἀριστερός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- G710 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- left idem, page 484.
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂er-
- Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -τερος
- Ancient Greek 4-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek adjectives
- Ancient Greek oxytone terms
- Ancient Greek euphemisms
- grc:Directions