ἄγγαρος
Ancient Greek
editEtymology
editThe exact source is unknown. Not from Akkadian 𒇽𒂠𒂷 (LU2.ḪUN.GA2 /agru/, “hired man”). Maybe from Old Persian *angarā (“missive, letter”), a reconstructed word which is from Aramaic *𐡀𐡍𐡂𐡓𐡀 (*’engarā), form of *𐡀𐡍𐡂𐡓𐡕𐡀 (*’engartā), variant of 𐡀𐡂𐡓𐡕𐡀 (’iggartā), 𐡀𐡍𐡂𐡓𐡕𐡀 (’engirtā, “missive, letter; contract”), from Akkadian 𒂊𒄈𒌅 (egirtu, “inscribed tablet; oracle of fate, ambiguous wording; contract, bound deal”), from 𒄃 (egēru, “to be difficult, to be twisted or locked together; to have a twisted tongue, to be unable to speak against an order”).[1]
Or from Old Persian *hankara (“messenger”).[2]
Pronunciation
edit- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /áŋ.ɡa.ros/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈaŋ.ɡa.ros/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈaŋ.ɡa.ros/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈaŋ.ɡa.ros/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈaŋ.ɡa.ros/
Noun
editἄγγᾰρος • (ángaros) m (genitive ἀγγᾰ́ρου); second declension
- Persian mounted courier, for carrying royal dispatches
Inflection
editCase / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ ἄγγᾰρος ho ángaros |
τὼ ἀγγᾰ́ρω tṑ angárō |
οἱ ἄγγᾰροι hoi ángaroi | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ ἀγγᾰ́ρου toû angárou |
τοῖν ἀγγᾰ́ροιν toîn angároin |
τῶν ἀγγᾰ́ρων tôn angárōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ ἀγγᾰ́ρῳ tôi angárōi |
τοῖν ἀγγᾰ́ροιν toîn angároin |
τοῖς ἀγγᾰ́ροις toîs angárois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν ἄγγᾰρον tòn ángaron |
τὼ ἀγγᾰ́ρω tṑ angárō |
τοὺς ἀγγᾰ́ρους toùs angárous | ||||||||||
Vocative | ἄγγᾰρε ángare |
ἀγγᾰ́ρω angárō |
ἄγγᾰροι ángaroi | ||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Derived terms
edit- ἄγγαρα (ángara)
- ἀγγαρεία (angareía)
- ἀγγαρευτής (angareutḗs)
- ἀγγαρεύω (angareúō)
- ἀγγαρήιον (angarḗion)
- ἀγγαροφορέω (angarophoréō)
References
edit- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἄγγαρος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 9
- ^ Tavernier, Jan (2007) Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, page 511
Further reading
edit- “ἄγγαρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἄγγαρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- ἄγγαρος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἄγγαρος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Old Persian
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Aramaic
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Akkadian
- Ancient Greek 3-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek proparoxytone terms
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns
- Ancient Greek second-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension
- grc:Occupations