ἐπίσκυρος
Ancient Greek edit
Etymology edit
Unknown. Possibly related to σκύρος (skúros, “chippings of stone”). Another name for the game was apparently ἐπίκοινος (epíkoinos), from ἐπι- (epi-, “on”) + κοινός (koinós, “common”). The game, or a similar game known as φαινίνδα (phainínda), was later adopted by the Romans, who renamed and transformed it into harpastum, the latinisation of the Ancient Greek ἁρπαστόν (harpastón) (neuter of ἁρπαστός (harpastós)), meaning "snatched away", from the verb ἁρπάζω (harpázō, “seize, filch, take”).
Pronunciation edit
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /e.pís.kyː.ros/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /eˈpis.ky.ros/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /eˈpis.cy.ros/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /eˈpis.cy.ros/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /eˈpis.ci.ros/
Noun edit
ἐπῐ́σκῡρος • (epískūros) m (genitive ἐπῐ́σκῡρου); second declension
- episkyros (an Ancient Greek ball game in which players on two teams attempted to throw the ball over the heads of the other team)
- Synonym: ἐπίκοινος (epíkoinos)
Inflection edit
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ ἐπῐ́σκῡρος ho epískūros |
τὼ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω tṑ episkū́rō |
οἱ ἐπῐ́σκῡροι hoi epískūroi | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρου toû episkū́rou |
τοῖν ἐπῐσκῡ́ροιν toîn episkū́roin |
τῶν ἐπῐσκῡ́ρων tôn episkū́rōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρῳ tôi episkū́rōi |
τοῖν ἐπῐσκῡ́ροιν toîn episkū́roin |
τοῖς ἐπῐσκῡ́ροις toîs episkū́rois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν ἐπῐ́σκῡρον tòn epískūron |
τὼ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω tṑ episkū́rō |
τοὺς ἐπῐσκῡ́ρους toùs episkū́rous | ||||||||||
Vocative | ἐπῐ́σκῡρε epískūre |
ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω episkū́rō |
ἐπῐ́σκῡροι epískūroi | ||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἐπῐ́σκῡρος epískūros |
ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω episkū́rō |
ἐπῐ́σκῡροι epískūroi | ||||||||||
Genitive | ἐπῐσκῡ́ρου / ἐπῐσκῡροῖο / ἐπῐσκῡ́ροιο / ἐπῐσκῡρόο / ἐπῐσκῡ́ροο episkū́rou / episkūroîo / episkū́roio / episkūróo / episkū́roo |
ἐπῐσκῡ́ροιῐν episkū́roiin |
ἐπῐσκῡ́ρων episkū́rōn | ||||||||||
Dative | ἐπῐσκῡ́ρῳ episkū́rōi |
ἐπῐσκῡ́ροιῐν episkū́roiin |
ἐπῐσκῡ́ροισῐ / ἐπῐσκῡ́ροισῐν / ἐπῐσκῡ́ροις episkū́roisi(n) / episkū́rois | ||||||||||
Accusative | ἐπῐ́σκῡρον epískūron |
ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω episkū́rō |
ἐπῐσκῡ́ρους episkū́rous | ||||||||||
Vocative | ἐπῐ́σκῡρε epískūre |
ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω episkū́rō |
ἐπῐ́σκῡροι epískūroi | ||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ ἐπῐ́σκῡρος ho epískūros |
τὼ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω tṑ episkū́rō |
οἱ ἐπῐ́σκῡροι hoi epískūroi | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρου toû episkū́rou |
τοῖν ἐπῐσκῡ́ροιν toîn episkū́roin |
τῶν ἐπῐσκῡ́ρων tôn episkū́rōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρῳ tôi episkū́rōi |
τοῖν ἐπῐσκῡ́ροιν toîn episkū́roin |
τοῖσῐ / τοῖσῐν ἐπῐσκῡ́ροισῐ / ἐπῐσκῡ́ροισῐν / ἐπῐσκῡ́ροις toîsi(n) episkū́roisi(n) / episkū́rois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν ἐπῐ́σκῡρον tòn epískūron |
τὼ ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω tṑ episkū́rō |
τοὺς ἐπῐσκῡ́ρους toùs episkū́rous | ||||||||||
Vocative | ἐπῐ́σκῡρε epískūre |
ἐπῐσκῡ́ρω episkū́rō |
ἐπῐ́σκῡροι epískūroi | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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References edit
- “ἐπίσκυρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press