ἕρκος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *serḱ-, like Latin sarciō (“I mend”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /hér.kos/ → /ˈer.kos/ → /ˈer.kos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /hér.kos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈ(h)er.kos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈer.kos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈer.kos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈer.kos/

Noun

ἕρκος • (hérkos) n (genitive ἕρκεος or ἕρκους); third declension

1. fence, enclosure
   1. courtyard of houses
   2. wall for defence; the defence itself
   3. a net, a toil for birds

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ ἕρκος; τοῦ ἕρκους (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ ἕρκος tò hérkos	τὼ ἕρκει tṑ hérkei	τᾰ̀ ἕρκη tà hérkē
Genitive	τοῦ ἕρκους toû hérkous	τοῖν ἑρκοῖν toîn herkoîn	τῶν ἑρκῶν tôn herkôn
Dative	τῷ ἕρκει tôi hérkei	τοῖν ἑρκοῖν toîn herkoîn	τοῖς ἕρκεσῐ / ἕρκεσῐν toîs hérkesi(n)
Accusative	τὸ ἕρκος tò hérkos	τὼ ἕρκει tṑ hérkei	τᾰ̀ ἕρκη tà hérkē
Vocative	ἕρκος hérkos	ἕρκει hérkei	ἕρκη hérkē
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of ἕρκος; ἕρκεος (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἕρκος hérkos	ἕρκει / ἕρκεε hérkei / hérkee	ἕρκεᾰ hérkea
Genitive	ἕρκεος / ἕρκευς hérkeos / hérkeus	ἑρκέοιν herkéoin	ἑρκέων herkéōn
Dative	ἕρκει / ἕρκεῐ̈ hérkei / hérkeï	ἑρκέοιν herkéoin	ἕρκεσῐ / ἕρκεσῐν hérkesi(n)
Accusative	ἕρκος hérkos	ἕρκει / ἕρκεε hérkei / hérkee	ἕρκεᾰ hérkea
Vocative	ἕρκος hérkos	ἕρκει / ἕρκεε hérkei / hérkee	ἕρκεᾰ hérkea
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

• ἑρκίον (herkíon)
• ἑρκεῖος (herkeîos)
• ἑρκίτης (herkítēs)
• πολῐορκέω (poliorkéō)

Further reading

• “ἕρκος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ἕρκος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN