ἱέραξ

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ἱάρᾱξ (hiárāx) — Doric
• ῑ̓́ρηξ (ī́rēx) — Ionic

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *wīrāks, from Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós (“man”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *weyh₁- (“to chase, pursue”), with possible folk-etymological influence by ἱερός (hierós, “holy, divine”).(Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /hi.é.raːks/ → /iˈe.raks/ → /iˈe.raks/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /hi.é.raːks/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /(h)iˈe.raks/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /iˈe.raks/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /iˈe.raks/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /iˈe.raks/

Noun

ἱέρᾱξ • (hiérāx) m (genitive ἱέρᾱκος); third declension

1. hawk, falcon
2. kind of fish
3. name for a grade of initiates in Mithras worship
4. name of a bandage

Inflection

Third declension of ὁ ἱέρᾱξ; τοῦ ἱέρᾱκος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ἱέρᾱξ ho hiérāx	τὼ ἱέρᾱκε tṑ hiérāke	οἱ ἱέρᾱκες hoi hiérākes
Genitive	τοῦ ἱέρᾱκος toû hiérākos	τοῖν ἱερᾱ́κοιν toîn hierā́koin	τῶν ἱερᾱ́κων tôn hierā́kōn
Dative	τῷ ἱέρᾱκῐ tôi hiérākĭ	τοῖν ἱερᾱ́κοιν toîn hierā́koin	τοῖς ἱέρᾱξῐ / ἱέρᾱξῐν toîs hiérāxĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸν ἱέρᾱκᾰ tòn hiérākă	τὼ ἱέρᾱκε tṑ hiérāke	τοὺς ἱέρᾱκᾰς toùs hiérākăs
Vocative	ἱέρᾱξ hiérāx	ἱέρᾱκε hiérāke	ἱέρᾱκες hiérākes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ἱερακάριος (hierakários)
• ἱερακεῖον (hierakeîon)
• ἱεράκειος (hierákeios)
• ἱερακία (hierakía)
• ἱερακιδεύς (hierakideús)
• ἱερακίδιον (hierakídion)
• ἱερακίζω (hierakízō)
• ἱεράκιον (hierákion)
• ἱερακίσκος (hierakískos)
• ἱερακίτης (hierakítēs)
• ἱερακοβοσκός (hierakoboskós)
• ἱερακοκτόνος (hierakoktónos)
• ἱερακόμορφος (hierakómorphos)
• ἱερακοπόδιον (hierakopódion)
• ἱερακοπρόσωπος (hierakoprósōpos)
• ἱερακοτάφος (hierakotáphos)
• ἱερακοτρόφος (hierakotróphos)
• ἱερακώδης (hierakṓdēs)
• Ἱέραξ (Hiérax)

Descendants

• Greek: ιέρακας (iérakas)
• Ancient Greek: Ιέραξ (Iérax)
  • Latin: Ierax
    • Italian: Giraci, Geraci, Gerace
    • Sicilian: Jiraci

Further reading

• “ἱέραξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἱέραξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ἱέραξ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN