ῥαχός

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

ῥηχός (rhēkhós) — Ionic

Etymology

Clearly related to ῥᾰ́χις (rhákhis, “spine, backbone”). Since ϝρᾰχ-/ϝρᾱχ- cannot be derived from an Indo-European root, the word might instead be of Pre-Greek origin.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /r̥aː.kʰós/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /raˈkʰos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /raˈxos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /raˈxos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /raˈxos/

Noun

ῥᾱχός • (rhākhós) f (genitive ῥᾱχοῦ); second declension

thorny bush, briar, brushwood
thorn-hedge, wattled fence, palisade
(botany) twig, branch of the vine
(at Troezen) wild olive tree (Olea europaea)
Synonyms: ἄγριππος (ágrippos), κότινος (kótinos)

Inflection

Second declension of ἡ ῥᾱχός; τῆς ῥᾱχοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ῥᾱχός hē rhākhós	τὼ ῥᾱχώ tṑ rhākhṓ	αἱ ῥᾱχοί hai rhākhoí
Genitive	τῆς ῥᾱχοῦ tês rhākhoû	τοῖν ῥᾱχοῖν toîn rhākhoîn	τῶν ῥᾱχῶν tôn rhākhôn
Dative	τῇ ῥᾱχῷ têi rhākhôi	τοῖν ῥᾱχοῖν toîn rhākhoîn	ταῖς ῥᾱχοῖς taîs rhākhoîs
Accusative	τὴν ῥᾱχόν tḕn rhākhón	τὼ ῥᾱχώ tṑ rhākhṓ	τᾱ̀ς ῥᾱχούς tā̀s rhākhoús
Vocative	ῥᾱχέ rhākhé	ῥᾱχώ rhākhṓ	ῥᾱχοί rhākhoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

εὔρρηχος (eúrrhēkhos)
ῥᾱχόω (rhākhóō)
ῥηχώδης (rhēkhṓdēs)

“ῥαχός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“ῥαχός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
ῥαχός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN