でんぐり返す
Japanese edit
Kanji in this term |
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返 |
かえ > がえ Grade: 3 |
Etymology edit
Compound of でんぐり (denguri) + 返す (kaesu, “to turn something over”).[1][2] The kaesu changes to gaesu as an instance of rendaku (連濁). Sometimes also pronounced without rendaku and with a hard k sound instead, as dengurikaesu.[1]
The denguri part is of unclear origin. It only appears in this compound and derived forms.
- The den portion is most likely the same den found in terms such as でんでん (denden, “one after the next, rolling, continuous”, adverb), itself also found in the compound でんでん太鼓 (denden-daiko, “denden (rolling? continuous?) drum”, a small taiko drum with a handle extending from the bottom and two small balls attached by short strings to each side as strikers, played by holding in one hand and rapidly twisting the handle back and forth).
- The guri portion is almost certainly 繰り (kuri, “winding, reeling, spinning”), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 繰る (kuru, “to wind, to spin, to reel”).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
でんぐり返す • (dengurigaesu) transitive godan (stem でんぐり返し (dengurigaeshi), past でんぐり返した (dengurigaeshita))
- to turn something over, to turn something upside-down
- to make someone or something do a somersault (either forwards or backwards)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of "でんぐり返す" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | でんぐり返さ | でんぐりがえさ | dengurigaesa |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | でんぐり返し | でんぐりがえし | dengurigaeshi |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | でんぐり返す | でんぐりがえす | dengurigaesu |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | でんぐり返す | でんぐりがえす | dengurigaesu |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | でんぐり返せ | でんぐりがえせ | dengurigaese |
Meireikei ("imperative") | でんぐり返せ | でんぐりがえせ | dengurigaese |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | でんぐり返される | でんぐりがえされる | dengurigaesareru |
Causative | でんぐり返させる でんぐり返さす |
でんぐりがえさせる でんぐりがえさす |
dengurigaesaseru dengurigaesasu |
Potential | でんぐり返せる | でんぐりがえせる | dengurigaeseru |
Volitional | でんぐり返そう | でんぐりがえそう | dengurigaesō |
Negative | でんぐり返さない | でんぐりがえさない | dengurigaesanai |
Negative continuative | でんぐり返さず | でんぐりがえさず | dengurigaesazu |
Formal | でんぐり返します | でんぐりがえします | dengurigaeshimasu |
Perfective | でんぐり返した | でんぐりがえした | dengurigaeshita |
Conjunctive | でんぐり返して | でんぐりがえして | dengurigaeshite |
Hypothetical conditional | でんぐり返せば | でんぐりがえせば | dengurigaeseba |
Synonyms edit
- (turn over): ひっくり返す (hikkurikaesu)
Derived terms edit
Derived terms
Related terms edit
Related terms
- でんぐり返る (dengurigaeru): to somersault (intransitive); to be head over heels, to be in disarray, to be very confused
- でんぐり返り (dengurigaeri): a somersault