でんぐり返る
Japanese
editKanji in this term |
---|
返 |
かえ > がえ Grade: 3 |
Etymology
editCompound of でんぐり (denguri) + 返る (kaeru, “to turn over”).[1][2] The kaeru changes to gaeru as an instance of rendaku (連濁). Sometimes also pronounced without rendaku and with a hard k sound instead, as dengurikaeru.[1][2]
The denguri part is of unclear origin. It only appears in this compound and derived forms.
- The den portion is most likely the same den found in terms such as でんでん (denden, “one after the next, rolling, continuous”, adverb), itself also found in the compound でんでん太鼓 (denden-daiko, “denden (rolling? continuous?) drum”, a small taiko drum with a handle extending from the bottom and two small balls attached by short strings to each side as strikers, played by holding in one hand and rapidly twisting the handle back and forth).
- The guri portion is almost certainly 繰り (kuri, “winding, reeling, spinning”), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 繰る (kuru, “to wind, to spin, to reel”).
Pronunciation
editVerb
editでんぐり返る • (dengurigaeru) intransitive godan (stem でんぐり返り (dengurigaeri), past でんぐり返った (dengurigaetta))
- to turn over, to turn upside-down
- to do a somersault (either forwards or backwards)
- to be head over heels, to be in disarray, to be very confused
Conjugation
editConjugation of "でんぐり返る" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | でんぐり返ら | でんぐりがえら | dengurigaera |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | でんぐり返り | でんぐりがえり | dengurigaeri |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | でんぐり返る | でんぐりがえる | dengurigaeru |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | でんぐり返る | でんぐりがえる | dengurigaeru |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | でんぐり返れ | でんぐりがえれ | dengurigaere |
Meireikei ("imperative") | でんぐり返れ | でんぐりがえれ | dengurigaere |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | でんぐり返られる | でんぐりがえられる | dengurigaerareru |
Causative | でんぐり返らせる でんぐり返らす |
でんぐりがえらせる でんぐりがえらす |
dengurigaeraseru dengurigaerasu |
Potential | でんぐり返れる | でんぐりがえれる | dengurigaereru |
Volitional | でんぐり返ろう | でんぐりがえろう | dengurigaerō |
Negative | でんぐり返らない | でんぐりがえらない | dengurigaeranai |
Negative continuative | でんぐり返らず | でんぐりがえらず | dengurigaerazu |
Formal | でんぐり返ります | でんぐりがえります | dengurigaerimasu |
Perfective | でんぐり返った | でんぐりがえった | dengurigaetta |
Conjunctive | でんぐり返って | でんぐりがえって | dengurigaette |
Hypothetical conditional | でんぐり返れば | でんぐりがえれば | dengurigaereba |
Synonyms
edit- (turn over): ひっくり返る (hikkurikaeru)
- (somersault): でんぐり返しをする (dengurigaeshi o suru)
- (somersault): 蜻蛉返りをする (tonbogaeri o suru)
Derived terms
editDerived terms
- でんぐり返り (dengurigaeri): a somersault
Related terms
editRelated terms
- でんぐり返す (dengurigaesu): to turn something over, to make someone or something somersault (transitive)
- でんぐり返し (dengurigaeshi): a somersault
References
editCategories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 返 read as かえ
- Japanese terms with rendaku
- Japanese compound terms
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese intransitive verbs
- Japanese type 1 verbs
- Japanese type 1 verbs that end in -iru or -eru
- Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji