孤児

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
孤	児
こ Grade: S	じ Grade: 4
on’yomi

Alternative spelling
孤兒 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 孤兒 (MC ku nye|ngej).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) こじ [kóꜜjì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ko̞ʑi]

Noun

孤(こ)児(じ) • (koji)

an orphan

Derived terms

孤児院(こじいん) (kojiin): an orphanage

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
孤	児
みなしご
Grade: S	Grade: 4
irregular

Alternative spellings
孤兒 (kyūjitai) みなし児身無し子

Jukujikun (熟字訓) spelling for the term みなしご (minashigo), itself a compound of 身 (mi, “identity, family”) +‎ 無し (nashi, “none, without”) +‎ 子 (ko, “child”).^[2] The ko changes to go as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Alternative forms

孤 (less common)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) みなしご [mìnáshíꜜgò] (Nakadaka – [3])^[1]
(Tokyo) みなしご [mìnáshígó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [mʲina̠ɕiɡo̞]

Noun

孤児(みなしご) • (minashigo)

an orphan

Derived terms

孤児(みなしご)薬(やく) (minashigo yaku): an orphan drug

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[DJR-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[KDJ-2] Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[1]

[2]