忡忡

Chinese

		grieved; distressed; sad grieved; distressed; sad; uneasy	grieved; distressed; sad grieved; distressed; sad; uneasy
simp. and trad. (忡忡)		忡	忡
alternative forms		沖沖／冲冲 𢥞𢥞

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chōngchōng

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄥ ㄔㄨㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cung¹ cung¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chōngchōng
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄥ ㄔㄨㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chongchong
    • Wade–Giles: chʻung¹-chʻung¹
    • Yale: chūng-chūng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chongchong
    • Palladius: чунчун (čunčun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 忡忡 憧憧 衝衝／冲冲

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: cung¹ cung¹
    • Yale: chūng chūng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsung¹ tsung¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: cung¹ cung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: trhjuwng trhjuwng

Rime
Character	忡
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	徹 (10)
Final (韻)	東 (2)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	敕中切
Baxter	trhjuwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈʰɨuŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈʰiuŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶʰiuŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈʰuwŋ/
Li Rong	/ȶʰiuŋ/
Wang Li	/ȶʰĭuŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȶʰi̯uŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chōng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cung1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*tʰruŋ  tʰruŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*tʰuŋ  tʰuŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	忡
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chōng
Middle Chinese	‹ trhjuwng ›
Old Chinese	/*tʰruŋ/
English	grieved, agitated
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	忡
Reading #	1/1
No.	17412
Phonetic component	中
Rime group	終
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	忡
Old Chinese	/*tʰuŋ/

Adjective

忡忡

1. (ideophonic) worried; laden with anxiety
2. (literary, ideophonic) drooping

Derived terms

• 憂心忡忡／忧心忡忡 (yōuxīnchōngchōng)
• 鬱忡忡／郁忡忡