鯉魚

See also: 鲤鱼

Chinese

		carp	fish
trad. (鯉魚)		鯉	魚
simp. (鲤鱼)		鲤	鱼

Etymology

See the entry 雙鯉魚 for the figurative senses.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): lǐyú

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄧˇ ㄩˊ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ni³ yu²
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): lei⁵ jyu⁴ / lei⁵ jyu^4-2

(Taishan, Wiktionary): li⁴ ngui³
Eastern Min (BUC): lī-ngṳ̀
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): lí-hî / lí-hû / lí-hîr / lē-hî / lě-hîr

(Teochew, Peng'im): li² he² / li² hu²
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶li-ng
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): li³ y²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: lǐyú
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˇ ㄩˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: lǐyú
  - Wade–Giles: li³-yü²
  - Yale: lǐ-yú
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liiyu
  - Palladius: лиюй (lijuj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /li²¹⁴⁻²¹ y³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: ni³ yu²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: liy
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni⁵³ y²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: lei⁵ jyu⁴ / lei⁵ jyu^4-2
  - Yale: léih yùh / léih yú
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lei⁵ jy⁴ / lei⁵ jy^4-2
  - Guangdong Romanization: léi⁵ yu⁴ / léi⁵ yu^4-2
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lei̯¹³ jyː²¹/, /lei̯¹³ jyː²¹⁻³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: li⁴ ngui³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /li²¹ ᵑɡui²²/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: lī-ngṳ̀
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /l̃i³³⁻²¹ ŋy⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Hsinchu, Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lí-hî
  - Tâi-lô: lí-hî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ly'hii
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hi¹³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hi²³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hi²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lí-hû
  - Tâi-lô: lí-hû
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ly'huu
  - IPA (Taipei): /li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hu²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Kinmen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lí-hîr
  - Tâi-lô: lí-hîr
  - IPA (Kinmen): /li⁵³⁻²⁴ hɯ²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /li⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hɯ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Yilan, Tainan, Kaohsiung, Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lē-hî
  - Tâi-lô: lē-hî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lexhii
  - IPA (Tainan): /le³³⁻¹¹ hi²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /le³³⁻²¹ hi²³/
  - IPA (Yilan): /le³³⁻²¹ hi²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lě-hîr
  - Tâi-lô: lě-hîr
  - IPA (Lukang): /le³³⁻²² hɨ²⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: li² he² / li² hu²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lí hṳ́ / lí hú
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /li⁵²⁻³⁵ hɯ⁵²/, /li⁵²⁻³⁵ hu⁵²⁻²¹/

Note:

li2 he2 - Chaozhou, Shantou;
li2 hu2 - Chaoyang, Puning, Huilai.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶li-ng
  - MiniDict: li^去 ng
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³li-ngg
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /li²² ŋ̍⁴⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: li³ y²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /li⁴¹ y¹³/

Noun

鯉魚

carp, especially the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) (Classifier: 條／条 m c; 尾 m mn)
(figuratively) messenger
(figuratively) letter; correspondence

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 鯉魚 (“carp”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		鯉
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		鯉魚, 鯉
Taxonomic name		鯉
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	鯉魚
	Taiwan	鯉魚
	Harbin	鯉子, 鯉魚
	Singapore	鯉魚
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	拐子
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	鯉魚
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	鯉魚
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	鯉魚
	Xi'an	鯉魚
	Xining	鯉魚
	Xuzhou	鯉魚, 紅魚
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	鯉魚
	Lanzhou	鯉魚
	Ürümqi	鯉魚
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	鯉魚
	Wuhan	鯉魚
	Guiyang	鯉魚
	Liuzhou	鯉魚
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	鯉魚
	Yangzhou	鯉魚, 龍魚, 花魚
	Hefei	鯉魚
Cantonese	Guangzhou	鯉魚
	Hong Kong	鯉魚
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	鯉魚
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	鯉魚
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	鯉魚
	Dongguan	鯉魚
	Yangjiang	鯉魚
Gan	Nanchang	鯉魚
	Lichuan	鯉魚
	Pingxiang	鯉魚
Hakka	Meixian	鯉魚, 鯉仔
	Yudu	鯉魚, 鯉子
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	鯉仔, 鯉嫲
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	鯉仔, 鯉嫲
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	鯉仔, 鯉嫲
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	鯉魚, 鯉嫲
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	鯉仔, 鯉嫲
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	鯉
	Hong Kong	鯉嫲
Huizhou	Jixi	鯉魚
Jin	Taiyuan	鯉魚
Jin	Xinzhou	鯉魚
Northern Min	Jian'ou	鯉仔
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	鯉魚
Southern Min	Xiamen	鯉魚, 鮘魚
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	鮘魚
	Quanzhou	鯉魚
	Jinjiang	鮘魚
	Yongchun	鮘魚
	Zhangzhou	鮘仔魚, 鮘仔, 鯉魚
	Taipei	鮘魚
	Taipei (Wanhua)	鮘仔
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	鮘仔
	Kaohsiung	鮘仔, 鯉魚, 鮘仔魚
	Yilan	鮘魚, 鯉魚, 鮘仔魚
	Changhua (Lukang)	鮘魚, 鯉魚
	Taichung	烏鮘仔, 鯉魚, 鮘仔魚
	Taichung (Wuqi)	鮘仔魚
	Tainan	鮘仔魚, 鯉魚, 鮘仔
	Taitung	鮘仔
	Hsinchu	鯉魚, 鮘仔, 鮘仔魚
	Kinmen	鯉魚
	Penghu (Magong)	鮘魚, 鯉魚
	Chaozhou	鯉魚
	Haikou	鯉魚
Puxian Min	Putian	鯉魚
	Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)	鯉魚
	Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)	鯉魚
	Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)	鯉魚
	Xianyou	鯉魚
	Xianyou (Fengting)	鯉魚
	Xianyou (Youyang)	鯉魚
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	鯉魚
Wu	Shanghai	鯉魚, 元寶魚
	Shanghai (Chongming)	鯉魚
	Suzhou	鯉魚
	Danyang	鯉魚
	Hangzhou	鯉魚, 鯉拐兒
	Ningbo	元寶魚, 鯉魚
	Wenzhou	鯉魚
	Jinhua	鯉魚
Xiang	Changsha	鯉魚, 鯉滑子
	Loudi	鯉魚
	Shuangfeng	鯉魚

Derived terms

雙鯉魚／双鲤鱼 (shuānglǐyú)
鯉魚旗／鲤鱼旗 (lǐyúqí)
鯉魚跳龍門／鲤鱼跳龙门
鯉魚門／鲤鱼门 (Lǐyúmén)

Descendants

→ Thai: หลีฮื้อ (via Min Nan)

References

Duffus, William (1883) “carp”, in English-Chinese Vocabulary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Swatow, Swatow: English Presbyterian Mission Press, page 36