𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍃

Gothic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *barniskaz. By surface analysis, 𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽 (barn) +‎ -𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍃 (-isks). Cognate with Old Norse bernskr.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbarnisks/

Adjective

𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍃 • (barnisks)

1. childlike, being a child
   • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, 1 Corinthians 14:20:

     […] 𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌹 𐍃𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸, 𐌴𐌹 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌼 𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌻𐌰𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌹 𐍃𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸.

     […] barniskai sijaiþ, ei fraþjam fullaweisai sijaiþ.

     […] be ye children, but in understanding be men. (KJV)

   • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Galatians 4:3:

     𐍃𐍅𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍃, 𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐍅𐌴𐍃𐌿𐌼 𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌹, 𐌿𐍆 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌱𐌹𐌼 𐌸𐌹𐍃 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍈𐌰𐌿𐍃 𐍅𐌴𐍃𐌿𐌼 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌺𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃.

     swa jah weis, þan wēsum barniskai, uf stabim þis fairƕaus wēsum skalkinōndans.

     Even so we, when we were children, were in bondage under the elements of the world: (KJV)

Declension

A-stem
Strong (indefinite) inflection
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍃 barnisks	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰 barniska	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺, 𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐍄𐌰 barnisk, barniskata
Accusative	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌰 barniskana	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰 barniska	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺, 𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐍄𐌰 barnisk, barniskata
Genitive	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌹𐍃 barniskis	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉𐍃 barniskaizōs	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌹𐍃 barniskis
Dative	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 barniskamma	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌹 barniskai	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 barniskamma
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌹 barniskai	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐍃 barniskōs	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰 barniska
Accusative	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌽𐍃 barniskans	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐍃 barniskōs	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰 barniska
Genitive	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 barniskaizē	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉 barniskaizō	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 barniskaizē
Dative	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌼 barniskaim	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌼 barniskaim	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌼 barniskaim
Weak (definite) inflection
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰 barniska	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉 barniskō	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉 barniskō
Accusative	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌽 barniskan	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌽 barniskōn	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉 barniskō
Genitive	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌽𐍃 barniskins	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌽𐍃 barniskōns	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌽𐍃 barniskins
Dative	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌽 barniskin	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌽 barniskōn	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌽 barniskin
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌽𐍃 barniskans	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌽𐍃 barniskōns	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌽𐌰 barniskōna
Accusative	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌽𐍃 barniskans	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌽𐍃 barniskōns	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌽𐌰 barniskōna
Genitive	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌴 barniskanē	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌽𐍉 barniskōnō	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌴 barniskanē
Dative	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌼 barniskam	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌼 barniskōm	𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌼 barniskam

Derived terms

• 𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌴𐌹 (barniskei)
• 𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌹 (barniski)

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 17