𐌲𐌿𐌸

Gothic

Alternative forms

• 𐌲𐌸 (gþ) (nom./acc. sg. abbreviation)
• 𐌲𐌸𐍃 (gþs) (gen. sg. abbreviation)
• 𐌲𐌸𐌰 (gþa) (dat. sg. abbreviation)

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *gudą (“god”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰutós.

Noun

𐌲𐌿𐌸 • (guþ) m

1. god, deity
   • Gothic Bible, John 10.35:

     𐌾𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹 𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌵𐌰𐌸 𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌰, 𐌳𐌿 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌴𐌹 𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳 𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌹𐍃 𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌸,

     jabai jainans qaþ guda, du þaimei waurd gudis warþ,

     If he called them gods, unto whom the word of God came ... (KJV)

2. (Christianity) God

   Synonym: 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰 (frauja)

   • Gothic Bible, Mark 12.17:

     𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌷𐌰𐍆𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌹𐌴𐍃𐌿𐍃 𐌵𐌰𐌸 𐌳𐌿 𐌹𐌼: 𐌿𐍃𐌲𐌹𐌱𐌹𐌸 𐌸𐍉 𐌺𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌰𐍂𐌹𐍃 𐌺𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌰𐍂𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌸𐍉 𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌹𐍃 𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌰. 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍃𐌹𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌸𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰.

     jah andhafjands iēsus qaþ du im: usgibiþ þō kaisaris kaisara jah þō gudis guda. jah sildaleikidēdun ana þamma.

     And Jesus answering said unto them, Render to Caesar the things that are Caesar's, and to God the things that are God's. And they marvelled at him. (KJV)

Declension

• Being originally a neuter noun, it has retained that declension, even when congruent with masculine forms.
• As a nomen sacrum, this noun was always abbreviated when referring to the Christian god (although editions of the Gothic text, such as Streitberg's, typically write it and other abbreviated nomina sacra in unabbreviated form). The declined forms given below are essentially reconstructions, as they are never encountered in unabbreviated form in the manuscripts. The forms given below are inferred on linguistic grounds, but others have been proposed; e.g. the form 𐌲𐌿𐌸𐍃 (guþs) is sometimes given as the genitive singular behind the abbreviation 𐌲𐌸𐍃 (gþs).

Neuter a-stem
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	𐌲𐌿𐌸 guþ	𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌰 guda
Vocative	𐌲𐌿𐌸 guþ	𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌰 guda
Accusative	𐌲𐌿𐌸 guþ	𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌰 guda
Genitive	𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌹𐍃 gudis	𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌴 gudē
Dative	𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌰 guda	𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌼 gudam

Derived terms

• 𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌿𐌳𐍃 (gaguds)
• 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌿𐌸 (galiugaguþ)
• 𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃 (gudalaus)
• 𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌰𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌿𐌽𐌴𐌹 (gudaskaunei)
• 𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌰𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌷𐍄𐍃 (gudafaurhts)
• *𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌹𐌸𐌿𐍃 (*gudafriþus)
• 𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌷𐌿𐍃 (gudhus)